Author: Jinfiniti Science

An image showing a jar labeled NMN full of supplement capsules on a bamboo table

How to Choose the Best NMN Supplement in 2025

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 27, 2025. Posted in NMN, Supplements.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has become one of the most promising compounds in longevity science. It’s a direct precursor to NAD+, a crucial molecule for energy production and hundreds of biological processes that keep our cells healthy.

More and more people are trying NMN supplements to support their healthspan, but there’s a problem. The market’s growing fast, and you’ll find huge differences in quality, purity, and how well these products actually work.

To make smart choices in this confusing market, you’ll need to understand what separates high-quality NMN from inferior options. This guide offers a science-backed framework for choosing an effective NMN supplement based on current research and manufacturing best practices.

Key Takeaways

Quality NMN supplements require proper certifications, >98% purity, and transparent manufacturing—low-priced options often contain diluted or counterfeit ingredients
Effective NMN dosing ranges between 250-1200mg daily based on current research, with lower starting doses recommended for beginners
NMN supplements support NAD+ levels which naturally decline by about 50% by age 50, potentially affecting energy production, DNA repair, and cellular health
Stability matters—choose NMN products in opaque, airtight containers with proper storage instructions to prevent potency loss from light, heat, and moisture exposure

Why Consider Taking an NMN Supplement?

Research shows NAD+ levels drop steadily as we age, falling by as much as 50% in some tissues by the time we reach late adulthood¹.

This metabolic change isn’t the only reason we age, but it speeds up cellular damage by hindering energy production, DNA repair, and stress responses—all critical processes that keep our biological systems working properly.

NAD+ is critical for several essential cellular functions:

Powering our mitochondria (the cell’s energy factories)
Switching on sirtuins, the proteins that control our longevity genes
Fixing damaged DNA
Maintaining proper cell signaling

The main reason people take NMN supplements is to boost their declining NAD+ levels as they age. The latest research suggests NMN could be a smart addition to anyone’s health strategy who wants to keep their cells functioning optimally by maintaining NAD+.

Choosing a Quality NMN Supplement: 5 Decisive Factors

NMN supplements don’t all deliver the same benefits and their quality can vary dramatically. These five factors create an essential framework to help you identify truly effective NMN supplements that meet scientific standards and offer genuine cellular health benefits.

Infographic showing how to choose an NMN supplement

Manufacturing and Third-Party Certifications

When choosing an NMN supplement, go for products made in cGMP-certified facilities. These facilities follow strict FDA standards and make sure every batch is consistent and safe.

Look for brands that use third-party testing on top of their own quality checks. This outside verification confirms that what’s listed on the label is actually in the product. Some respected testing groups include NSF International, USP, and ISO-certified labs.

Pick supplements that show certification logos right on their packaging or website. These quality indicators show the maker has chosen to meet tough external standards.

Good manufacturers will happily share info about where they get ingredients, how they synthesize them, and their quality control steps. Some even provide specific test results for each batch through QR codes on the packaging.

Be ready to spend more on properly certified products, especially with NMN. The complex process to make it needs special expertise to create pharmaceutical-grade supplements without harmful byproducts that could work against the health benefits you’re after.

High Purity Standards

One of the key things to consider when choosing the right NMN supplements is purity. Look for products with at least 98% pure NMN. Good brands aren’t shy about their purity levels—the best ones will highlight when their purity exceeds 99%.

Look for manufacturers who use High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) testing. This is the gold standard that accurately measures NMN concentration and spots impurities. Some advanced companies also use Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as an extra verification step.

Try to find or ask for a detailed Certificate of Analysis (CoA) that shows:

The exact NMN percentage
A complete impurity profile
Heavy metal testing results
Microbial testing confirmation
Batch identification
Details about testing methods

Be careful with supplements that don’t provide this documentation, as they might contain contaminants like manufacturing solvents or cheaper alternatives such as niacin. Quality manufacturers will happily share this information if you ask or they’ll publish it directly on their websites.

Pick brands that do stability testing to make sure their NMN stays potent throughout its shelf life. This shows they’re extra committed to quality and helps ensure you’re getting effective NMN right up until the expiration date.

Effective Dosage Ranges

The best NMN products provide between 250mg to 1200mg per daily serving, the range most supported by current research. Different health goals may require different amounts of NMN, so look for brands that offer various dosage options.

Start with lower doses (250-500mg daily) if you’re new to NMN supplementation. Quality manufacturers will provide clear guidance on starter doses versus maintenance amounts, allowing you to gradually increase if needed.

Choose supplements that clearly state the exact NMN content per serving rather than proprietary blends with unspecified amounts. Some companies misleadingly list the total capsule weight rather than actual NMN content, so verify you’re getting the full dosage you expect.

Be skeptical of products recommending extremely high doses (over 1500mg daily) without scientific justification, as current research hasn’t established benefits beyond certain thresholds. Conversely, question supplements suggesting very low doses (under 100mg daily) as potentially ineffective.

Formulations and Bioavailability

NMN comes in several different forms, each with different absorption qualities and convenience factors. Keep in mind that most scientific studies have used pure NMN powder, so that’s the gold standard when looking at evidence-based supplements.

Look for products that clearly say they use the same type of NMN that’s been tested in clinical research. Be careful with new delivery methods like liposomal formulations that claim better absorption without real research to back it up—they might work in theory, but there’s not much actual study on them specifically for NMN.

Pick between capsules and powder based on what works best for you. Capsules give you exact doses and are easy to take, while powder lets you adjust your dose and might save you money. Scientists have used both types in their studies.

You might also want to look at supplements that include other well-researched synergistic ingredients. Some products combine NMN with TMG to help with methyl group donation, or NMN with resveratrol to help activate sirtuins—these combinations have at least some scientific backing.

When comparing NMN and NR (nicotinamide riboside), newer research suggests NMN might have some advantages because of specific ways it’s transported into cells, though both ultimately raise NAD+ levels.

Stability and Shelf-Life Considerations

NMN is sensitive to environmental factors, so good storage and packaging are key to keeping it potent. Pick products in opaque, airtight containers that shield against light, oxygen, and moisture—these three things speed up NMN breakdown.

Look for supplements with clear storage instructions that tell you to keep them cool and dry. Good manufacturers will tell you specific temperature ranges for best stability, usually below 77°F (25°C), and may suggest refrigeration after opening.

Glass containers generally outperform plastic for long-term storage, while desiccant packets, oxygen absorbers, or nitrogen-flushed bottles indicate attention to preserving chemical integrity.

Make sure there are clear expiration dates based on actual stability testing, not just random timeframes. Trustworthy companies run ongoing stability tests to figure out exactly how long their NMN stays potent when stored properly.

How to Spot Fake NMN

Price serves as a reliable indicator of authenticity in the NMN market. Be immediately suspicious of products priced significantly below market average—producing pharmaceutical-grade NMN involves substantial costs, making prices under $0.50 per gram a clear warning sign of potential counterfeits or severely diluted products.

Apply the “taste test” to powder formulations when possible. Genuine NMN has a distinctly bitter taste resembling vitamin B3 (niacin). If it tastes sweet or pleasant, it’s likely not pure NMN or contains additives to hide what’s really in there.

Check for misrepresented research citations that don’t actually study the specific product. Reputable manufacturers accurately reference relevant studies without exaggerating connections to their formulations.

Verify seller legitimacy through their online presence and history. Established companies have professional websites with detailed company information, transparent contact methods, and a history of customer reviews across multiple platforms.

Consider requesting third-party test results to verify questionable products. Legitimate manufacturers willingly provide these documents, while counterfeiters typically offer excuses or heavily redacted reports that obscure crucial details.

Does NMN Have Possible Side Effects?

While NMN shows a good safety profile in current research, some users experience mild side effects. Look for companies that openly mention possible effects like temporary nausea, fatigue, headaches, or insomnia instead of claiming “no side effects.”

If you’re worried about reactions, start with lower doses. Good manufacturers often suggest gradually increasing dosage to reduce initial discomfort as your body adjusts to higher NAD+ levels.

Talk to your doctor before taking NMN if you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, have liver or kidney conditions, autoimmune disorders, or cancer. Trustworthy brands highlight these precautions rather than presenting their supplements as right for everyone.

Check for possible interactions with medications you’re taking, especially those affecting cellular metabolism or immune function. Medications like metformin, immunosuppressants, or those processed by certain liver enzymes need professional advice before combining with NMN.

Keep in mind that side effects sometimes point to product quality issues rather than normal responses. Unusual or severe reactions might indicate contaminants or degraded product, so pick supplements from established manufacturers with reliable quality control.

Can You Get NMN Naturally?

Food sources have very little NMN compared to supplements. While broccoli, avocado, tomatoes, and raw beef contain some NMN, it’s only in tiny amounts—nanograms to micrograms. That’s thousands of times less than supplements, which typically provide 250-1000 milligrams.

Instead of focusing just on NMN-containing foods, look at foods rich in other NAD+ precursors like niacin (vitamin B3) and tryptophan. Good choices include mushrooms, fish (especially tuna and salmon), chicken, beef, peanuts, and seeds. These all help your body make NAD+ through natural pathways.

Don’t forget that lifestyle affects NAD+ levels too. Research shows that regular exercise, intermittent fasting, sauna sessions, and getting enough sunlight can all boost your cellular NAD+ levels. These practices might work well alongside supplements.

It’s important to have realistic expectations about diet versus supplements. While eating NAD+-supporting foods is great for overall cellular health, it’s nearly impossible to get the same NAD+ increases through diet alone that you’d get from supplements.

Potential Benefits of NMN Supplementation

Recent studies suggest NMN supplements might offer several health benefits, though human clinical evidence is still developing. Look for brands that describe these potential benefits accurately without exaggerating current findings.

Some of the most promising benefits of NMN include:

Metabolic health improvements: Studies show NMN might boost insulin sensitivity², glucose tolerance³, and mitochondrial function⁴
Cognitive function support: Animal studies reveal promising neuroprotective effects and potential brain benefits⁵, with human studies underway
DNA repair capacity: NMN helps NAD+-dependent enzymes that maintain genomic stability and cellular resilience⁶
Physical performance: Early human research points to possible improvements in muscle strength⁷, aerobic capacity⁸, and recovery measurements⁹
Cardiovascular function: Studies show potential benefits for blood vessel health¹⁰, blood pressure control¹¹, and heart function¹²
Cellular energy production: As a direct NAD+ precursor, NMN might help restore youthful energy metabolism in cells¹³

Takeaway: The Best NMN Supplements in 2025

After evaluating the critical factors that determine NMN supplement quality, it’s clear that not all products deliver equivalent benefits.

Always choose supplements that meet rigorous standards for manufacturing, purity, dosage, formulation, and stability to maximize your investment in cellular health.

For those seeking pharmaceutical-grade NMN with verified quality, Jinfiniti’s Pure NMN Powder offers >99.5% purity with comprehensive third-party testing. Each batch undergoes rigorous analysis with certificates of analysis readily available upon request.

For enhanced efficacy, consider Jinfiniti’s Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster Powder, which combines our pure NMN with synergistic ingredients D-ribose, niacinamide, and creatine monohydrate. This research-informed formulation has been clinically validated to support optimal NAD+ levels and cellular energy production.

Good NMN supplements typically cost between $1-3 per gram, reflecting their complex manufacturing process. While you’ll pay more for premium products, they give you confidence in their potency, purity, and effectiveness that cheaper options can’t match.

Keep in mind that choosing the right supplement is just one part of optimizing NAD+. For personalized results, you should consider testing your intracellular NAD+ levels to establish a baseline and monitor improvements.

Jinfiniti’s Intracellular NAD® Test reveals your actual NAD+ status to help fine-tune your supplement strategy using our T-A-O (Test, Act, Optimize) approach.

In the end, the best NMN supplement maintains strict quality standards, provides evidence-based dosages, and helps you see measurable improvements in your health and longevity goals.

Referenced Sources

Boswellia Benefits for Inflammation, Side Effects and Dosage

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 24, 2025. Posted in Inflammation, Health Conditions, Supplements. No Comments on Boswellia Benefits for Inflammation, Side Effects and Dosage

For years Ayurvedic practitioners have used Boswellia, also known as Indian frankincense, to calm aching joints and irritated tissue. Now science is backing up many of its traditional uses, especially for inflammation.

What’s exciting about Boswellia is its selectivity. Extracted from trees in the dry mountains of India, Boswellia resin has compounds that target specific inflammatory pathways at the cellular level.

As research links chronic inflammation to accelerated aging and other health issues, understanding Boswellia’s mechanisms becomes even more important.

In this guide we’ll dive into the science backed benefits of Boswellia, its mechanism of action, side effects, dosage and more.

Key Takeaways

Boswellia fights inflammation in a unique way – its boswellic acids block the 5-LO enzyme, which sets it apart from NSAIDs and means it’s typically gentler on your stomach.
When it comes to osteoarthritis, Boswellia dietary supplements reduce joint pain and stiffness, lowering inflammation markers in clinical studies.
Boswellia doesn’t just help with joints – research shows it’s promising for brain health (it helps reduce amyloid-beta buildup), gut health (by protecting the intestinal barrier), and immune system balance.
While Boswellia is generally safe, everyone responds differently to it. You can track your inflammation markers to find the right dose and see how well it’s working for you.

What is Boswellia?

Boswellia, known traditionally as Indian frankincense, is a resin extracted from the Boswellia serrata tree native to India.¹ This tree thrives in dry mountainous regions and the resin has been used for centuries in traditional medicine especially in Ayurveda.

The key active compounds in Boswellia are boswellic acids.² These are believed to be responsible for most of the resin’s effects, especially the anti-inflammatory ones. Researchers have identified several types of these acids and acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is the most potent.

Boswellic acids work mainly by inhibiting inflammatory enzymes like 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO).³ This enzyme is involved in producing leukotrienes which are molecules that promote inflammation.

By blocking 5-LO, boswellic acids may help reduce inflammation and related symptoms. This is different from common anti-inflammatory drugs like NSAIDs which may contribute to Boswellia’s fewer side effects on the stomach.

4 Health Benefits of Boswellia

Research suggests that Boswellia may offer a range of health benefits. This ancient resin is gaining popularity as a natural remedy that may help fight inflammation, support brain health, soothe the gut, and even potentially play a role in cancer prevention and immune function.

Let’s explore the effects of Boswellia serrata each one by one.

May Help Combat Inflammation and Arthritis

Boswellia serrata and its extracts have been researched for anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritis properties. Boswellic acids in Boswellia have been shown to help manage osteoarthritis (OA) by reducing pain, stiffness and improving joint function.

A systematic review and meta-analysis looked at multiple clinical trials on Boswellia serrata and its effects on OA.⁴ The results consistently showed that Boswellia extract reduced pain and joint stiffness more than a placebo or other treatments.

Patients reported noticeable pain scores and the studies had low adverse events. Based on this evidence the review concluded that Boswellia is a good and safe option for OA symptoms.

Backing this up, a pilot study confirmed Boswellia serrata extract improved physical function and reduced inflammatory markers in patients with knee OA.⁵ This 120 day double-blind placebo-controlled trial was the longest of its kind and had 48 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.

The standardized Boswellia extract contained specific bioactive compounds: 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBBA) and β-boswellic acid (BBA). These compounds worked synergistically to deliver significant improvements compared to placebo:

Reduced pain and stiffness

Improved physical function

Increased knee joint gap

Decreased osteophyte formation

Lower levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein

The study demonstrated both the safety and effectiveness of long-term Boswellia supplementation for managing osteoarthritis symptoms and addressing underlying inflammation.

Besides oral supplementation, research has shown that topical boswellic acids demonstrated comparable anti-inflammatory efficacy to systemic administration in multiple experimental models.⁶ These findings collectively suggest Boswellia’s usefulness as a natural compound for managing inflammatory conditions through multiple delivery methods.

Promising Neuroprotective Properties

Boswellic acids have also been looked into for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD).⁷ Research has been done mainly in lab and animal models to see how they would tackle the disease.

Studies show boswellic acids can reduce amyloid-beta buildup, protect neurons from its toxicity and regulate inflammation in brain immune cells. A study in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy further supports this, boswellic acids neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s models.

In Alzheimer’s mouse models they have even reduced amyloid plaque and improved cognitive function.

Could Support Gastrointestinal Health

Boswellia serrata has been shown to protect the intestinal epithelial barrier from oxidative and inflammatory damage and is beneficial for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). It keeps the integrity and function of the intestinal epithelium by preventing the disassembly of tight junction proteins and reducing oxidative stress.

A study in PLoS One found that Boswellia serrata extract protects the intestinal barrier function and may be useful for IBD.⁸

Researchers found that Boswellia serrata oleo-gum extract (BSE) and its derivative Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) protected gut cells from damage caused by inflammation.

The Boswellia extract helped maintain the integrity of the gut lining by preserving its tightness and reducing leakiness, as well as reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, indicating a potential mechanism for its protective effects.

Potential Anti-Cancer and Immune Modulation Effects

Frankincense, derived from Boswellia species, has shown potential in cancer therapy due to its ability to inhibit leukotriene synthesis, oxidative stress, and modulate immune responses.⁹ It has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials for conditions like multiple sclerosis and asthma, although its full potential in cancer therapy requires further investigation.

Boswellic acids also modulate the immune system by affecting cytokine production and enhancing phagocytosis, which could contribute to their therapeutic effects in chronic inflammatory diseases.¹⁰

While more research is needed, these findings provide insights into the potential anti-cancer and immune-modulating mechanisms of Boswellia and its constituents.

Is Boswellia Safe?

Boswellia has a good safety profile in many clinical trials, especially for osteoarthritis. Clinical trials show that extract of Boswellia has a similar safety profile to placebo, with no significant differences in safety outcomes when compared to placebo.¹¹

This suggests it is generally well tolerated by most people without worrying about the side effects of NSAIDs. For example, in a knee osteoarthritis trial published in Arthritis Research & Therapy, people taking a specific Boswellia serrata extract (5-Loxin Advanced) had the same rate of mild side effects as those taking a placebo.

While Boswellia is safe for most people, individual results may vary, some people may experience mild side effects such as digestive discomfort or skin reactions.

Boswellia Side Effects

Boswellia has anti-inflammatory benefits as shown in multiple studies. But knowing its entire safety profile is key to using it optimally.

Most common side effects are mild and temporary:

Occasional nausea: Some may feel mild nausea after taking Boswellia.

Digestive adjustments: Users may notice changes in digestion, bloating or mild discomfort.

Temporary skin responses: Others may experience mild and temporary skin reactions, rashes or irritation.

Boswellia may also interact with medications like NSAIDs. So if you’re taking these medications, you should consult with your doctor or health professional before starting Boswellia supplementation.

Pregnancy adds extra precautions too. Scientific evidence suggests Boswellia may be a uterine stimulant.¹² So medical guidance is recommended if you plan to take Boswellia while pregnant.

After all, supplementation begins with personalized guidance.

Your unique health profile – current medications, baseline biomarkers, wellness goals – is the blueprint for optimizing Boswellia use.

How to Take Boswellia

An image of a matured woman taking Boswellia.

Boswellia comes in many forms to fit your needs. Standardized extracts in capsules and tablets give you a consistent dose of boswellic acids, while powders let you mix with food and drink. Topicals like creams and gels allow for targeted treatment of inflammation for joint and muscle discomfort.

Boswellia may work better with other anti-inflammatory compounds. Scientific research shows turmeric is a great companion, as its curcuminoids work through different pathways to reduce inflammation.

That’s why our Extra Strength Turmeric supplement combines high-potency Boswellia extract with turmeric (95% curcuminoids), ginger root and quercetin. Piperine enhances bioavailability of these compounds so they’re absorbed and effective for joint support and inflammation management.

Turmeric+ curcumin supplement promotional image

Always follow product specific dosing guidelines whether taking orally or topically. Topicals should be tested on a small area of skin first to check for sensitivity, especially with combination products that have additional active ingredients.

Dosage Considerations

According to Phytotherapy Research, the recommended dose for osteoarthritis is 300-500 mg of Boswellia extract, 2-3 times a day.¹³ This dose has been shown to reduce pain and improve joint function in people with knee osteoarthritis.

The time it takes for Boswellia to work can also vary. Some studies have shown improvement in osteoarthritis symptoms in 7 days, others in 4 weeks.¹⁴

Always follow the label instructions or as directed by a healthcare provider as Boswellia supplements are not FDA regulated and quality and potency can vary between products.

Individual results may vary and it may take several weeks to experience full benefits. So always consult with a qualified health professional before starting any new supplement.

Does Boswellia Help Relieve Inflammation?

An image of a matured woman with inflammation.

Scientific evidence strongly supports Boswellia’s role in managing inflammation through multiple pathways, notably its ability to inhibit the 5-LO enzyme and reduce inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein.

But inflammation is a complex process that varies significantly between individuals. While Boswellia shows promise, the key to optimizing its benefits lies in understanding your personal inflammatory profile.

This is where comprehensive biomarker testing becomes invaluable.

By measuring key inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α through cellular inflammation tests like Jinfiniti’s AgingSOS® Senescence Panel, you can establish your baseline inflammatory status and track how interventions like Boswellia supplementation affect your body’s inflammatory response.

This data-driven approach takes the guesswork out of supplementation, allowing you to fine-tune your anti-inflammatory strategy based on objective measurements rather than subjective symptoms alone.

Remember, inflammation exists on a spectrum, and what works for one person may not work for another. By combining targeted supplementation with regular biomarker monitoring, you can develop a precise, personalized approach to managing inflammation and supporting your long-term health.

Discover AgingSOS

FAQs

Does Boswellia Affect Sleep?

A study showed that taking Boswellia, especially when paired with an omega-3 product, helped people fall asleep faster (that’s what we call sleep latency).¹⁵ While the results look promising, we’ll need more research to see if it works this well for different groups of people.

Does Boswellia Raise Blood Pressure?

Boswellia actually helps lower and control blood pressure, not raise it. This makes it a good option if you have high blood pressure or metabolic syndrome.¹⁶

Does Boswellia Help You Lose Weight?

Boswellia serrata can help with weight loss in a few key ways: it brings down markers linked to obesity,¹⁷ helps your metabolism work better, and changes the balance of bacteria in your gut. These benefits come mainly from its ability to fight inflammation and act as an antioxidant.

Can Boswellia Repair Joints?

Studies show that Boswellia helps joints work better. We can see this in the scores from standard tests like WOMAC and the Lequesne Functional Index. This means people with OA can move around more easily and have less trouble with daily activities.

Referenced Sources:

Fitness couple against a lavender gradient background

Creatine Starter Guide: Loading, Timing & Beginner Tips

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 22, 2025. Posted in NAD+, Longevity, Muscle Loss and Weakness, NAD.

Creatine is of the most well-researched fitness supplements, backed by a mountain of evidence for both its effectiveness and safety.

But, with so many forms, dosing approaches, and timing strategies circulating in fitness communities, newcomers often feel lost.

This starter guide to creatine simplifies things, offering up-to-date, evidence-based recommendations for 2025 to help you get the most benefits with minimal side effects.

We’ll cover everything from loading phases to maintenance doses, giving you all the info you need to start using creatine with confidence.

Key Takeaways

Creatine monohydrate is the most well-researched and cost-effective form, making it the ideal choice for beginners.
Both loading (20g/day for 5-7 days) and gradual approaches (3-5g daily) effectively saturate muscle stores—the loading protocol simply works faster.
Consistency matters more than timing—taking your daily dose regularly is more important than whether you take it before or after workouts.
Most healthy individuals experience minimal side effects beyond initial water retention, which contributes to the early weight gain many users notice.
For optimal absorption and comfort, consider taking creatine with a meal containing carbohydrates, which may enhance muscle uptake through insulin action.
There’s no need to cycle creatine for most users—continuous supplementation maintains benefits without diminishing returns or health concerns.
Most beginners notice initial performance improvements within 1-2 weeks, with full benefits appearing after 3-4 weeks of consistent use.
Adequate hydration supports creatine’s muscle-saturating effects and helps minimize potential discomfort—aim for at least 200-250ml of water with each dose.

What is Creatine?

Creatine is a natural compound that helps with energy metabolism, especially in muscles and the brain. The body makes it from amino acids and you can also get it from food, mainly animal products.

How Does Creatine Work?

Creatine works by helping your body make more ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is what your muscles use for energy during short, intense workouts.

Here’s how it happens:

Your muscles store creatine as phosphocreatine (PCr), which works like an energy reserve. When you’re exercising hard and quickly using up ATP, phosphocreatine gives a phosphate group to ADP (adenosine diphosphate), quickly restoring ATP so you can keep going strong.

Creatine also pulls water into your muscle cells, creating conditions that can promote protein synthesis and muscle growth over time. This extra cellular hydration can make your muscles look fuller too.

When you take creatine supplements, you increase your phosphocreatine stores, which helps you:

Keep up higher energy levels during tough workouts
Do more reps or lift heavier weights
Bounce back quicker between sets
Feel less tired during intense training

That’s why creatine works so well for activities that need quick bursts of power, like weightlifting, sprinting, or HIIT workouts.

Is Creatine Safe?

Creatine supplementation has been well-studied for safety and found to be generally safe for most people when used correctly.

Studies show creatine is safe and well-tolerated both short and long-term, with no significant negative effects on blood and urine markers, liver, or kidney function in healthy people¹.

A review by the International Society of Sports Nutrition found that long-term use (up to 30 g/day for 5 years) is safe in healthy individuals and patient populations across all age groups².

While creatine is safe for most people, those with existing kidney conditions should be careful, as there’s limited evidence of possible kidney effects³.

Less research has been done on creatine safety in children and teens, so caution is recommended for these groups.

What are the Benefits of Creatine?

Creatine is well-known for improving high-intensity workouts, increasing maximum strength, power output, and sprint performance. It also helps muscles recover faster between tough workouts by reducing muscle damage⁴.

It supports energy production in both muscle and brain cells, which can help with conditions like muscular dystrophies and when your brain needs more energy⁵ (like when you’re tired or haven’t slept well).

Beyond muscle, research shows creatine might help manage neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes⁶, and other conditions such as statin myopathy and treatment-resistant depression⁷.

For older adults, taking creatine while exercising can improve muscle health, potentially boost bone density, and sharpen cognitive function⁸.

Vegetarians and vegans often see significant benefits from creatine supplements since their natural levels tend to be lower, leading to better muscle performance and brain function⁹.

What Type of Creatine to Choose

Creatine monohydrate is the most recommended form of creatine due to its extensive research backing its efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness¹⁰.

Other creatine forms like magnesium-creatine chelate, creatine citrate, malate, ethyl ester, nitrate, and pyruvate have been tested but don’t reliably work better than creatine monohydrate.

These alternative forms are also typically more expensive and haven’t been studied as thoroughly for safety and efficacy¹¹.

How Much Creatine Should a Beginner Take?

Beginners starting creatine supplementation typically follow one of two approaches: a loading phase for quick muscle saturation or a gradual intake.

Research shows both methods effectively increase muscle creatine stores. The loading approach saturates your muscles in just 5-7 days, while the gradual method takes 3-4 weeks.

Most experts suggest either starting with a loading phase dosage of 20 g/day for 5-6 days then dropping to a maintenance dose of 2-3 g/day¹², or simply taking 3-5 g/day consistently without loading. Both methods effectively raise muscle creatine levels and help improve performance.

Infographic showing how to take creatine with two dosage approaches

What is the Creatine Loading Phase?

The creatine loading phase is a popular way to quickly boost muscle creatine stores.

It usually involves taking a high dose of creatine—about 20-25 grams daily—split into several doses over 5-7 days. After this, you switch to a lower daily dose for maintenance to keep creatine levels high.

Research shows creatine loading can improve power output during endurance events¹³ and help performance in strength and resistance training¹⁴.

Can Beginners Skip the Loading Phase and Still Benefit?

Taking 3-5 grams of creatine daily works just as well as a loading phase for beginners – it’ll just take 3-6 weeks to fully saturate your muscles instead of a few days.

This gradual approach helps you skip potential side effects like bloating or stomach discomfort that some people get with high-dose loading. After about a month, your muscle creatine levels will be the same either way.

The Optimal Time to Take Creatine

Some studies show that taking creatine after working out might boost muscle creatine storage and performance gains better than taking it before exercise¹⁵.

The jury’s still out on this though, since the evidence isn’t conclusive because of study limitations and not enough physiological data to back these claims.

Creatine works best when you take it regularly, with consistency mattering more than timing. There’s no evidence that taking it in the morning, afternoon, or night makes any real difference.

Should Creatine Be Taken with Food?

Creatine doesn’t have to be taken with food, but it can help your body absorb it better and prevent stomach issues.

Some people feel nauseated or get cramps when they take creatine on an empty stomach. If that’s you, having it with meals can stop the discomfort without affecting how well it works. If you don’t have any digestive problems, you can take it whenever.

There is some evidence that insulin directly increases the rate of creatine transport and uptake in skeletal muscle, similar to its effects on amino acids and sugars¹⁶. So taking your daily dose with a meal that has carbs might improve uptake.

Do You Need to Cycle Creatine?

Creatine supplementation doesn’t need cycling for most people. You can take it daily at a maintenance dose for the long term. Research shows the benefits don’t fade over time, and there aren’t health risks when you take it properly.

You only need to consider cycling in specific situations like when cutting weight for competitions or if your doctor recommends it. For regular fitness and bodybuilding goals, just stick with daily maintenance.

Common Side Effects and How to Avoid Them

Creatine can make you gain weight mainly from water retention, which might impact your performance in activities where body mass is a factor.

Some users report stomach discomfort, diarrhea, or nausea, although these effects are generally anecdotal and not consistently observed in studies.

There are occasional reports of muscle cramps, but these are not consistently supported by scientific evidence either.

While some case reports suggest potential kidney and liver issues, well-controlled studies have not found significant adverse effects on kidney or liver function in healthy individuals.

If you’re worried about side effects with creatine:

Stick to the recommended doses and don’t do excessive loading phases unless your doctor suggests it
Drink plenty of water to offset the water retention and lower your risk of dehydration and muscle cramps
If you have existing kidney or liver issues, talk to your healthcare provider before starting creatine
Use high-quality creatine products to avoid contaminants that might cause problems

How Long Until Beginners Notice Results?

Most beginners see creatine’s first effects in about 1-2 weeks, with better results showing up after 3-4 weeks.

If you’re using a loading protocol, you’ll likely notice improvements a bit faster than those taking regular doses. The full performance benefits usually level off by the end of the first month.

Do You Need to Drink More Water on Creatine?

Creatine supplements increase total body water (TBW) by pulling water into muscle cells, which can bump up body mass. But they don’t actually change how water gets distributed between intracellular and extracellular spaces.

While creatine itself doesn’t cause dehydration¹⁷, it’s smart to drink plenty of fluids to support the extra water your muscles are storing. A good rule of thumb is about 200-250 ml of water for every 2.5 grams of creatine you take to help with absorption and retention.

Are Creatine Supplements Right for You?

Creatine supplementation is one of the most proven ways to boost physical performance, especially for activities that need quick power and strength.

If you’re trying to break through plateaus, recover faster between sets, or just get better results from your training, creatine probably belongs in your supplement routine.

The research is particularly strong for strength athletes, bodybuilders, team sport players, and anyone doing high-intensity exercise.

Vegetarians and vegans often see even bigger benefits because their natural creatine levels tend to be lower. For older adults, creatine offers two main benefits—it helps preserve muscle and supports brain function.

When choosing a creatine supplement, quality is important. Jinfiniti’s Creatine Monohydrate ATP Powder is pharmaceutical-grade pure (>99.9%) with no fillers or additives that might limit your results.

Our product fits perfectly with our T-A-O approach—Test, Act persistently, and Optimize—by giving you a measurable tool that works at the cellular level to boost ATP production and energy metabolism.

Unlike many supplements with questionable efficacy, creatine gives predictable, testable results. Many of our customers use our Creatine Monohydrate along with our Intracellular NAD® Test to see how these energy-boosting supplements work together to improve cellular function and performance.

Keep in mind that supplements work best as part of a complete health strategy. For personalized advice on whether creatine is right for your specific needs and goals, you might want to talk with a healthcare professional—especially if you have existing kidney issues or other health concerns.

FAQs About Creatine

Does creatine cause hair loss?

Current science doesn’t support the claim that creatine causes hair loss. It’s a well-tolerated supplement at recommended doses, and concerns about hair loss seem based on misconceptions rather than actual scientific findings.

Does Creatine increase muscle mass?

Creatine supplementation significantly increases lean body mass compared to placebo. Studies show gains in LBM ranging from 0.92 kg to 1.14 kg more than resistance training alone¹⁸.

Is 3 grams per day of creatine too little?

A daily 3-gram creatine intake is backed by science as effective for boosting exercise performance and is safe for healthy adults.

Can I take smaller amounts of creatine?

While 3-5g/day is the standard for rapid muscle saturation, doses as low as 1.5-2g/day can still build up creatine stores in muscles, just more slowly.

Recent studies show creatine also helps support brain function. There’s evidence it might benefit people with depression and dementia, and these effects could occur even at daily doses under 3g.

Does creatine affect sleep?

A study showed creatine supplements helped people sleep longer on days they did resistance training, though it didn’t really improve overall sleep quality based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)¹⁹.

Another study found that taking creatine, with or without caffeine, didn’t make any notable difference to how people rated their sleep quality or how ready they felt to perform²⁰.

Will I lose muscle if I stop taking creatine?

Research shows that when you stop taking creatine, your muscle creatine levels typically return to normal. You’ll likely notice your muscles looking less full (because they’re retaining less water) and might see a small decrease in performance (since your muscles now have lower creatine stores).

How do you know if creatine is affecting the kidneys?

You can check creatine’s kidney effects through blood tests, urine analysis, and watching for symptoms. When you take creatine, your serum creatinine often goes up. This may resemble kidney dysfunction but often reflects normal muscle metabolism.

Tests like eGFR or cystatin C measurements give us better insights into how well your kidneys are filtering, without being thrown off by creatine’s effect on creatinine. Urine tests, such as the albumin-to-creatinine ratio or 24-hour collection, can catch early signs of kidney stress like protein leakage.

If you notice symptoms like nausea, fatigue, or changes in urination patterns, you should see a doctor. People with existing kidney problems or those taking high doses should get baseline testing and regular check-ups.

Most healthy users don’t have any issues, but if you’re concerned, temporarily stopping creatine can help show whether any abnormalities are related to the supplement.

Does creatine interact with caffeine?

A common myth suggests caffeine cancels out creatine’s benefits, but new research doesn’t support this²¹. Using both together doesn’t hurt performance, though some people might want to pay attention to when they take each supplement.

Does creatine cause facial bloating?

Anecdotal reports of facial bloating lack solid scientific evidence. Any temporary water retention usually happens inside muscle cells, not under the skin. Long-term studies don’t show any connection between creatine and increased fat mass.

Referenced Sources

24 Natural Herbs and Spices That Fight Inflammation

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 21, 2025. Posted in Inflammation. No Comments on 24 Natural Herbs and Spices That Fight Inflammation

Your body’s natural defense system sometimes goes into overdrive, causing inflammation that can lead to problems like joint pain and heart issues. While doctors can prescribe medications to help, Mother Nature has already given us some amazing tools – herbs and spices that people have used for hundreds of years to feel better.

Scientists have recently backed up what our ancestors figured out long ago: some common herbs can actually help calm inflammation in our bodies. It turns out those old family remedies weren’t just myths after all!

If your joints are giving you trouble, or you just want to eat in a way that keeps inflammation in check, you’re in luck.

There are 24 natural anti-inflammatory herbs and spices that really shine when it comes to fighting inflammation. Think of them as your kitchen cabinet’s secret weapons for better health.

Key Takeaways:

Many common herbs and spices like turmeric, ginger, and cinnamon have been scientifically shown to reduce inflammation, making them a natural way to support joint health, digestion, and overall wellness.
Adding anti-inflammatory spices to your daily meals like sprinkling cinnamon on oatmeal or sipping ginger tea can be an easy and tasty way to help your body fight chronic inflammation.
Boosting absorption matters. Some herbs, like turmeric, work best when paired with other ingredients (like black pepper and healthy fats) to maximize their benefits, so knowing how to use them effectively makes a difference.

Turmeric (Curcuma Longa)

The active compounds in turmeric (Curcuma longa) work directly on multiple inflammation pathways in the body. Numerous studies examining turmeric or curcumin have shown remarkable anti-inflammatory properties, with research demonstrating their ability to block inflammatory molecules and enzymes, including NF-kB, a protein complex linked to chronic inflammation.¹

Everyday Uses: Beyond the classic golden milk, try blending turmeric into scrambled eggs, stirring into overnight oats, or creating a savory yogurt dip. For maximum absorption, always pair with black pepper and a source of healthy fat.

Insider Tip: While cooking with turmeric is beneficial, most clinical studies showing significant anti-inflammatory effects used concentrated supplements. Our Extra Strength Turmeric curcumin supplement delivers the research-backed dosage plus black pepper extract for maximum absorption.

Ginger (Zingiber Officinale)

Ginger’s powerful anti-inflammatory effects come from active compounds, including gingerols and shogaols.² In a study published in the Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, researchers found that these bioactive compounds can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppress the expression of inflammatory genes.³

Ginger can be particularly effective in reducing exercise-induced muscle pain and inflammation while helping to alleviate osteoarthritis symptoms.⁴

Everyday Uses: Add freshly grated ginger to stir-fries and smoothies or steep it in hot water for a soothing tea. Try pickling ginger for sushi dishes, blending it into salad dressings, or incorporating it into baked goods like cookies or cakes. For a quick anti-inflammatory boost, combine ginger with honey and lemon in warm water as a morning tonic.

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Spp.)

Cinnamon is packed with powerful antioxidants, including polyphenols that help combat inflammation and oxidative stress.⁵ It can lower inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and may help regulate blood sugar, making it beneficial for metabolic and cardiovascular health, according to a study published in the journal Nutrients.⁶ Additionally, its antimicrobial properties support gut and immune health.⁷

Everyday Uses: Sprinkle cinnamon on oatmeal, yogurt, coffee, or smoothies for a naturally sweet, anti-inflammatory boost. It also enhances the flavor of baked goods, stews, and even savory dishes like curries and roasted vegetables.

Boswellia (Boswellia Serrata)

Also known as Indian frankincense, Boswellia contains boswellic acids that inhibit 5-LOX, an enzyme linked to inflammation.⁸ It is particularly effective for reducing joint pain, stiffness, and swelling in conditions like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Boswellia is also being studied for its potential benefits in inflammatory bowel diseases and respiratory conditions.⁹

Everyday Uses: Boswellia is typically taken as a supplement or in extract form, but it can also be brewed into tea or used in traditional Ayurvedic remedies. Some topical creams and balms include Boswellia to support joint and muscle comfort.

Camellia Sinensis (Green & Black Tea)

The leaves of Camellia sinensis, used to make green, black, white, and oolong tea, contain powerful antioxidants called catechins and theaflavins.¹⁰ These compounds help reduce inflammation, support heart health, and protect against oxidative stress.

In fact, a study published in Human Nutrition & Metabolism found that regular tea consumption may lower inflammatory markers, improve brain function, and even support metabolic health.¹¹

Everyday Uses: Enjoy freshly brewed green or black tea, either hot or iced, for a daily dose of inflammation-fighting compounds. You can also add tea leaves to smoothies or use them as a base for herbal infusions.

Cloves (Syzygium Aromaticum)

Cloves are packed with eugenol, a potent anti-inflammatory compound that helps combat oxidative stress and reduce pain.¹² This component can help lower inflammatory markers and support immune function, making cloves a valuable spice for overall wellness. Additionally, cloves have antimicrobial properties that can promote oral and digestive health, which in turn helps reduce inflammation.¹³

Everyday Uses: Use ground cloves in spice blends, baked goods, and savory dishes, or steep whole cloves in tea for an aromatic twist. They also pair well with cinnamon and nutmeg in warm beverages like chai or mulled cider.

Saffron (Crocus Sativus)

Saffron is rich in bioactive compounds like crocin and safranal, which can help lower inflammation and oxidative stress.¹⁴ Researchers found that saffron may help lower inflammatory markers, support mood health, and even enhance cognitive function.¹⁵ Its potent antioxidant properties make it a valuable addition to an anti-inflammatory diet.

Everyday Uses: Add a small pinch of saffron to rice dishes, soups, or stews for its signature color and subtle floral flavor. You can also steep it in warm milk or tea for a soothing and health-boosting drink.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis)

Rosemary is packed with rosmarinic acid and carnosic acid, two powerful antioxidants that help reduce inflammation and protect against oxidative stress.¹⁶ A study published in the Journal of Biomedical Science showed that rosemary may support brain health, improve circulation, and even help boost heart function by modulating inflammatory pathways.¹⁷

Everyday Uses: Use fresh or dried rosemary to season roasted meats, potatoes, and vegetables. It also makes a great addition to soups, stews, and homemade salad dressings. For a refreshing twist, steep rosemary in hot water for an herbal tea.

Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum)

Black pepper contains piperine, a bioactive compound that can help reduce inflammation and enhance nutrient absorption.¹⁸ This spice can also help block inflammatory pathways and may even support brain health by protecting against neurodegeneration.¹⁹

Everyday Uses: Sprinkle freshly ground black pepper on savory dishes like eggs, soups, and roasted vegetables. It also pairs well with turmeric, boosting curcumin absorption for enhanced anti-inflammatory benefits.

Cayenne (Capsicum Annuum)

Cayenne pepper is packed with capsaicin, the compound responsible for its heat and powerful anti-inflammatory effects.²⁰ This compound can help reduce pain by blocking pain receptors and lowering levels of inflammatory markers, making it beneficial for conditions like arthritis and muscle soreness.²¹

Everyday Uses: Add cayenne to chili, soups, marinades, or even sprinkle a pinch into hot chocolate for a spicy twist. It also works well in homemade spice blends for an extra kick of flavor and health benefits.

Sage (Salvia Officinalis)

Sage is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids that help combat oxidative stress and inflammation.²² It can support brain health, improve memory, and help regulate inflammatory responses in the body.²³ Its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties have also made it a staple in traditional medicine for soothing sore throats and digestive discomfort.

Everyday Uses: Add fresh or dried sage to roasted vegetables, soups, and stuffing, or brew it into a soothing herbal tea. It pairs well with poultry dishes and can even be fried for a crispy, flavorful garnish.

Parsley (Petroselinum Crispum)

Parsley is more than just a garnish—it’s a powerhouse of anti-inflammatory compounds like flavonoids, vitamin C, and luteolin.²⁴ These compounds help neutralize free radicals and reduce inflammation, supporting overall immune health and even cardiovascular function. A study published in ResearchGate also found that parsley is rich in chlorophyll, which helps detoxify the body and reduce inflammation at a cellular level.²⁵

Everyday Uses: Add fresh parsley to salads, soups, and sauces for a burst of flavor and nutrients. It also blends well into green smoothies and makes a great base for homemade chimichurri or tabbouleh.

Thyme (Thymus Vulgaris)

Thyme is packed with thymol, a powerful compound known for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.²⁶

A study published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences showed that thyme can help reduce inflammatory markers, support respiratory health, and even aid digestion.²⁷ Its active compounds, including thymol, carvacrol, and linalool, have been studied for their potential to combat infections and support immune function.

Everyday Uses: Sprinkle fresh or dried thyme over roasted meats, vegetables, or soups for a fragrant boost. It also works well in marinades, homemade salad dressings, and herbal teas.

Echinacea (Echinacea Purpurea)

Echinacea is one of the best anti-inflammatory herbs, known for its immune-boosting properties and anti-inflammatory effects. Its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and alkamides, help regulate inflammatory responses, making it beneficial for conditions like respiratory infections and chronic inflammation.²⁸

Everyday Uses: Brew echinacea tea to support immunity, or take it in tincture or capsule form during cold and flu season. It can also be combined with honey and lemon for a soothing herbal remedy.

Borage (Borago Officinalis)

Borage is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid with strong anti-inflammatory properties.²⁹ A study published in the European Journal of Pharmacology found that GLA helps reduce symptoms of inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and eczema by modulating immune responses and lowering inflammatory cytokines.³⁰

Everyday Uses: Borage leaves can be added to salads or soups, while its seeds are often used to produce borage oil, which is taken as a supplement.

Nettle (Urtica Dioica)

Nettle has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for joint pain and allergies due to its anti-inflammatory and antihistamine properties.³¹ Its extract can inhibit key enzymes involved in inflammation, making it particularly beneficial for arthritis and seasonal allergies.³²

Everyday Uses: Brew nettle leaves into tea, add them to soups or stews, or take them as a supplement for allergy relief and joint support.

Cat’s Claw (Uncaria Tomentosa)

Cat’s Claw is a powerful Amazonian herb known for its ability to regulate the immune system and reduce inflammation.³³ Its unique alkaloids and flavonoids help lower inflammatory markers, making it useful for autoimmune conditions, digestive issues, and joint pain.³⁴

Everyday Uses: Drink Cat’s Claw tea, take it as a tincture, or use it in capsule form for immune and joint health support.

Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum Procumbens)

Devil’s Claw is widely used for its pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly for osteoarthritis, back pain, and tendonitis.³⁵ ³⁶ Its active compounds, harpagosides, work by inhibiting inflammatory pathways and reducing oxidative stress.

Everyday Uses: Devil’s Claw is commonly taken as a tea, tincture, or supplement to help manage chronic pain and inflammation. Many people incorporate it into their daily routine as a natural alternative to conventional pain relievers, while others take it as needed for flare-ups of joint or muscle pain.

Olive (Olea Europaea)

Olive leaves and olive oil are rich sources of polyphenols, particularly oleuropein, known for their potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.³⁷ A study in Antioxidants found that these bioactive compounds support the body’s natural defense systems and block molecular pathways linked to oxidative stress—a key driver of chronic diseases like cardiovascular conditions, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.³⁸

Everyday Uses: Extra virgin olive oil is one of the healthiest fats you can use for cooking and salad dressings, while olive leaf tea or extract can provide additional anti-inflammatory benefits.

Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus)

Bilberry is packed with anthocyanins, powerful antioxidants that help reduce inflammation and support eye, heart, and brain health.³⁹ In a study published in Food and Agricultural Immunology, researchers found that bilberry can improve circulation and protect against oxidative damage linked to chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases.⁴⁰

Everyday Uses: Enjoy fresh bilberries, add them to smoothies or yogurt, or take them in supplement form for eye and vascular support.

Evening Primrose (Oenothera Biennis)

Evening Primrose is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid known for its anti-inflammatory effects.⁴¹

GLA helps with conditions involving systemic inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and hormonal imbalances, particularly in women with PMS and menopausal symptoms. It regulates the production of prostaglandins (hormone-like compounds that influence inflammation), reducing excess inflammation and promoting balance in the body.⁴²

Everyday Uses: Evening Primrose oil is commonly taken as a supplement or applied topically for skin health. Some also use it to support hair growth and manage dry skin conditions like eczema.

Holy Basil (Ocimum Sanctum)

Holy Basil, also called Tulsi, is a powerful adaptogen that helps the body manage stress and inflammation.⁴³ One study showed that Holy Basil can lower cortisol levels and support immune function, making it beneficial for chronic stress-related conditions. Eugenol, its active compound, contributes to reducing chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.⁴⁴

Everyday Uses: Brew Holy Basil leaves into tea, add them to meals, or take them in supplement form for stress relief and immune support. Additionally, Tulsi essential oil can be applied topically (diluted) or used in aromatherapy for relaxation and wellness.

Lemon Balm (Melissa Officinalis)

Lemon Balm is known for its calming and anti-inflammatory properties.⁴⁵ It helps reduce stress-related inflammation, soothe digestive discomfort, and support cognitive function. Its anti-inflammatory effects may help manage herpes viruses, which can trigger flare-ups like cold sores and shingles when inflammation and stress weaken the immune system.⁴⁶

Everyday Uses: Lemon Balm tea is a popular way to enjoy its benefits, or you can use its essential oil for aromatherapy.

Licorice Root (Glycyrrhiza Glabra)

Licorice Root is known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in the gut and respiratory system.⁴⁷ Studies have found that its bioactive compounds help reduce gut inflammation, making it beneficial for conditions like acid reflux and gastritis.

Licorice Root also supports respiratory health by easing inflammation in the airways and helps regulate cortisol levels, which can mitigate chronic inflammation in adrenal fatigue and stress.⁴⁸

Everyday Uses: Enjoy Licorice Root as a tea, tincture, or supplement for digestive and stress-related issues. It is also found in natural toothpaste and mouthwashes to help fight bacteria and reduce inflammation in the gums.

Spearmint (Mentha Spicata)

Spearmint is one of the most powerful anti-inflammatory herbs. It is rich in antioxidant compounds like rosmarinic acid and limonene, which help calm inflammation and support your body’s natural defenses.⁴⁹ Unlike other mint varieties, spearmint has a unique mix of antioxidants that work together to combat oxidative stress, a key driver of chronic inflammation.⁵⁰

Everyday Uses: Fresh spearmint leaves add a refreshing twist to water while supporting your body’s inflammatory response. Toss them into salads, tabbouleh, or grain bowls for an extra boost of flavor and benefits. Try muddling it with cucumber for a simple, hydrating anti-inflammatory drink.

Test Your Cellular Inflammation with Jinfiniti

An image of test for cellular inflammation.

Chronic inflammation can lurk under the surface, affecting your energy, immunity, and overall well-being. Jinfiniti’s scientifically validated testing can help you understand your body’s inflammatory status at the cellular level.

Our AgingSOS cellular inflammation panel measures key biomarkers like CRP, IL-6, and TNF-alpha to provide a detailed picture of your inflammatory health. Once you know your personal inflammation pattern, you can choose the right foods and natural supplements to help your body fight back. You’ll also be able to see if the changes you make are actually working.

But we don’t just stop at basic inflammation testing. We also check how your cells are aging and measure something called NAD+, which plays a big role in inflammation and aging. This gives you a clearer picture of your overall health, so you can make better choices about taking care of yourself.

Ready to find out what’s really going on in your body?

Our science-backed test is quick and easy to do at home. Don’t wait until you feel sick – take control of your health today.

Discover AgingSOS

Referenced Sources:

Featured image of NMN and resveratrol supplements side by side

NMN and Resveratrol Benefits: Can You Take Them Together?

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 19, 2025. Posted in NMN, Supplements.

In the world of longevity science, few supplement combinations have generated as much interest as NMN and resveratrol.

NMN stands for nicotinamide mononucleotide and is a direct precursor to NAD+, a molecule that we need for cellular energy production that steadily declines as we age.

Resveratrol is a polyphenol compound found naturally in grapes, peanuts, and berries. It activates proteins called sirtuins that require NAD+ to function, creating an interesting scientific rationale for combining these supplements.

But does combining these compounds make sense for everyone?

Let’s dive into the science behind this intriguing pairing and explore what the research actually tells us about their benefits when taken together.

Key Insights

NMN and resveratrol create a synergistic effect – NMN boosts NAD+ levels while resveratrol activates the proteins that use NAD+, potentially enhancing their anti-aging benefits.
The combination may improve DNA repair, mitochondrial function, and metabolic health beyond what either supplement could achieve alone.
Recommended dosage is 250-1000mg NMN and 500-1000mg resveratrol taken in the morning with fatty foods, though NMN can be effective when taken by itself.

How Resveratrol and NMN Work

Resveratrol works by turning on SIRT1¹, which is a protein in the sirtuin family that requires NAD+ to function. Sirtuins are important because they regulate aging, metabolism and stress response.

Once SIRT1 is activated, it controls several key processes in cells. It manages how mitochondria are made through PGC-1α, how cells handle stress, how inflammation occurs, and how the cell processes glucose.

Resveratrol also kicks on the AMPK pathway. This helps cells burn fat, take in more glucose, and makes mitochondria work better.

NMN is a direct building block for NAD+. It gets into cells where enzymes called NMNATs convert it to NAD+ through the salvage pathway. This raises the amount of NAD+ in cells.

When NAD+ levels go up, it triggers several effects: sirtuins become more active, DNA repair improves, mitochondria work better, and cells can produce energy more effectively.

These two compounds work well together because they complement each other: resveratrol activates SIRT1, while NMN supplies the NAD+ that SIRT1 needs to function.

Potential Benefits of Combining NMN and Resveratrol

Infographic showing the benefits of taking NMN and resveratrol together

The science behind the health benefits of NMN and resveratrol is pretty fascinating, especially when we look at how they work together.

Enhanced NAD+ Levels and Sirtuin Activation

Research in mice shows that NMN and resveratrol could boost NAD+ levels better than NMN alone. When young mice (6 weeks old) were given both compounds, their NAD+ levels rose 60-70% higher in heart and muscle tissue compared to mice that were given NMN by itself².

These mice also had better endurance, less inflammation, and their age-related health problems took longer to develop. What’s particularly interesting is that when researchers added ginsenosides to the NMN-resveratrol mix, NAD+ levels in lung tissue doubled – suggesting the pairing might benefit different organs in different ways.

Resveratrol and NMN may also work together synergistically for activating sirtuins:

NMN increases the available NAD+ pool
Resveratrol enhances SIRT1’s ability to use that NAD+
Together, this could lead to greater sirtuin activation than either compound alone

May Support DNA Repair

The sirtuin protein family we went over just before, especially SIRT1, helps keep DNA structure stable and fixes DNA damage³. They do this by working with PARP1 and FOXO transcription factors.

When you pair NMN with resveratrol, it boosts NAD+ levels in cells. This helps both compounds work more efficiently at turning on these DNA repair systems, which might help prevent the DNA damage we see with aging.

The study mentioned in the previous section showed that giving both supplements together lowers signs of DNA damage and helps mouse models live longer, healthier lives. Human studies are however currently lacking in this area.

Potential Mitochondrial Benefits

These two compounds both work on mitochondria through NAD+/SIRT1 pathways, but they’ve got their own unique ways of helping too.

NMN boosts mitochondrial energy metabolism by activating SIRT3⁴, a protein that’s crucial for mitochondrial function. Resveratrol does something different – it helps create new mitochondria by activating PGC-1α⁵, and it doesn’t need sirtuins to do this.

More Robust Antioxidant Protection

Resveratrol directly fights free radicals as an antioxidant. NMN works differently – it helps cells make NADPH⁶, which fuels the body’s own antioxidant defenses. Together, they may provide more oxidative stress protection through different but complementary mechanisms.

Regulation of Metabolic Health

Both resveratrol and NMN affect how the body handles glucose and responds to insulin, but they work in slightly different ways. Resveratrol activates AMPK⁷—a cellular energy sensor that acts like a metabolic master switch—while NMN helps with glucose metabolism by working through NAD+-dependent pathways.

Should You Take NMN and Resveratrol Together?

Taking NMN and resveratrol together isn’t a simple yes or no decision – it really depends on what potential health benefits you’re looking for and your current health status. Some research suggests these compounds might work better together, but everyone’s body reacts differently.

We also think it’s important to note that NMN supplementation absolutely does not require resveratrol being paired with it. While resveratrol may offer a certain synergy, NMN can provide several benefits that support healthy aging on its own.

If your focus is solely on replenishing declining NAD+, NMN will suffice. Resveratrol can add value for those targeting additional sirtuin activation or antioxidant and mitochondrial support.

Starting with NMN alone often makes sense as a first step. This establishes your baseline response and helps optimize your NAD+ levels. Once you’ve found your sweet spot with NMN, adding resveratrol might amplify these benefits through the complementary effects mentioned earlier in this article.

Most importantly, check your overall health and what supplements you’re already taking before you combine these. If you have any health conditions or take medications, you should always talk to your doctor first – these supplements can affect your metabolic pathways and might interact with your medications.

How and When to Take NMN and Resveratrol

Clinical studies and research protocols, including Dr. David Sinclair’s regimen, suggest an NMN dosage of 250-1000mg paired with 500-1000mg of resveratrol, taken in the morning with fatty foods to enhance absorption and support natural circadian rhythms.

The right dose depends on your age, weight, and what you’re trying to achieve. If you’re in your 30s or 40s and weigh less than 50 kg, you’ll probably do fine with 250-300 mg of NMN per day. But if you’re over 50 or weigh more than 70 kg, you’ll likely need 500-1,000 mg since your body’s natural NAD+ levels drop with age.

For resveratrol, 500 mg a day works well as a general antioxidant. If you’re specifically looking to activate sirtuins and boost your metabolism, you’ll want to bump that up to 1,000 mg daily.

Your body absorbs resveratrol best when you take it with fats like avocado, olive oil, or nuts since it’s lipophilic (fat-loving). Adding BioPerine® from black pepper can boost how much resveratrol gets into your bloodstream by up to 10 times, which means it’ll work better and longer in your system.

NMN’s different – you can take it under your tongue or just with water. But there’s a chance it might work even better if you take it with resveratrol and fats since they share similar pathways in the body.

Your NAD+ levels and sirtuin activity naturally follow your body’s daily rhythm – they’re highest in the morning and drop as the day goes on. That’s why it makes sense to take NMN and resveratrol when you wake up – you’re working with your body’s natural metabolic schedule.

Risks of Combining NMN with Resveratrol

Studies show that NMN and Resveratrol are generally safe for most people when taken at the recommended doses.

A small number of users (less than 5%) might get an upset stomach, feeling nauseous or having diarrhea. This usually happens when people take too much at first or take it without food. Some people get headaches or feel tired in their first week – that’s just their body getting used to having more NAD+ around.

Resveratrol can affect estrogen pathways, so people with hormone-sensitive conditions should be careful. That said, if you’re taking less than 1,000 mg daily, there’s very little risk in this regard. If you’re on blood thinners or immunosuppressants, you’ll need to check with your doctor since Resveratrol can inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes⁸, which are important for drug metabolism.

At low doses resveratrol works as an antioxidant, but at high doses it does the opposite and becomes pro-oxidant. That’s why it’s really important to stick to the doses that research has shown to be effective.

How to Choose a Good Quality Supplement

High-quality NMN and resveratrol supplements should meet stringent purity criteria—≥98% for NMN and ≥99% trans-resveratrol—to avoid contaminants like endotoxins or solvents. Third-party testing certifications validate ingredient potency and absence of heavy metals to provide assurance of supplement quality and safety.

Products made in GMP facilities are tested at multiple stages from raw material to finished product. This adds cost to production but ensures consistency of potency and eliminates common contaminants that can compromise safety and effectiveness.

When selecting NMN supplements, molecular stability is paramount. Our Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster powder combines pharmaceutical-grade NMN with synergistic ingredients like D-ribose and creatine monohydrate, optimizing NAD+ enhancement through multiple pathways. For purists who prefer single-ingredient supplementation, our Pure NMN Powder offers >99.5% purity with verified stability testing.

Proper storage and handling matters. While buying in bulk can save you money, it requires dosing tools and storage considerations. Resveratrol being light and temperature sensitive should be stored in the dark and cool to maintain potency. Premium manufacturers like Jinfiniti use specialized packaging and stability testing to ensure potency throughout shelf life.

FAQs

Does exercise affect how well NMN and resveratrol work together?

Physical activity naturally increases NAD+ production and AMPK activation. Some studies show that if you take these supplements about 30-60 minutes before working out, you might get better results. That’s because exercise creates the perfect metabolic conditions for your body to absorb and use them effectively.

Can I take NMN and resveratrol with my morning coffee or tea?

While it’s fine to take them around the same time as your morning beverages, it’s best to wait 15-20 minutes between them. Coffee and tea contain compounds that could potentially compete for absorption with resveratrol. Taking your supplements with water and a small fatty meal, then enjoying your morning beverage shortly after, is ideal.

Do genetic factors influence how well I might respond to NMN and resveratrol?

Genetic variations in NAD+ metabolism genes (like NAMPT) and sirtuin genes can affect individual responses to these supplements. Some people naturally have higher or lower baseline NAD+ levels or sirtuin activity. This is one reason why personal response monitoring through biomarker testing can be valuable for optimizing your supplementation strategy.

Is the combination of NMN and resveratrol more important as we get older?

The potential benefits of combining these supplements might become more relevant with age. After 45, NAD+ levels typically decline by 50% or more from youthful levels and cellular stress increases. The synergistic effects of NMN and resveratrol on DNA repair and mitochondrial function could be particularly beneficial for older adults, though research is still ongoing.

How do seasonal changes affect the timing and dosing of NMN and resveratrol?

Interestingly, our body’s NAD+ metabolism shows seasonal variations, with levels naturally fluctuating based on day length and sun exposure. Some researchers suggest slightly higher doses might be beneficial during winter months when natural NAD+ production is lower. However, more research is needed to establish definitive seasonal dosing guidelines.

A healthy centenarian woman on the beach

12 Diet and Lifestyle Secrets of Centenarians Who Live to 100

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 17, 2025. Posted in Exercise, Longevity, Nutrition. No Comments on 12 Diet and Lifestyle Secrets of Centenarians Who Live to 100

The secret to living to 100 isn’t just about good genes, it’s about daily choices that stand the test of time. Luckily, we can learn a lot from people who have actually reached the 100-year mark.

Centenarians around the world really work for longevity. Whether they live in the mountains of Sardinia or the villages of Okinawa, people who reach 100 tend to have similar diets, daily routines, and lifestyles.

These trends are supported by decades of scientific research. Even if every centenarian’s path is unique, some aspects of their lifestyle appear again and again. From the foods they enjoy to the way they connect with others, these centenarians show us that longevity isn’t just about survival. It’s about truly thriving.

Let’s explore 12 evidence-based strategies that global studies have uncovered from these people who have achieved extraordinary longevity.

Key Takeaways:

Longevity isn’t genetic destiny, it’s a lifestyle. Centenarians worldwide follow consistent daily habits that contribute to a long, thriving life.
Eating more plants, staying active, and managing stress all contribute to a longer, healthier life.
Proactive approach to health such as monitoring and early intervention can increase your odds of reaching 100 years old in good health.

Eat a Diverse, Plant-Based Diet

One of the most consistent findings among centenarian studies is their strong emphasis on a plant-based diet. Whether the leafy greens of Mediterranean kitchens or the unique wild vegetables found in Okinawan cuisine, these long-lived individuals worldwide share a love for nature’s bounty.

For instance, research has shown that centenarians in Greece consume over 400 grams of vegetables daily—equivalent to more than seven servings, which often include wild greens like dandelion and purslane.¹ These greens are not only rich in vitamins and minerals but also rich in alpha-linolenic acid, a heart-healthy fatty acid that supports overall well-being.

A 2024 Chinese study further reinforces the power of dietary diversity. It suggests that Centenarians with high dietary diversity scores (between 5 to 9) exhibited 23% lower inflammation markers compared to their less diverse-eating peers.²

When you look at Blue Zones (regions known for their high concentration of centenarians), you’d see that their meals are predominantly plant-based. In these areas, populations eat 95% plant-based meals, and these meals include leafy greens, tubers, nuts, and legumes.³

So, what does that tell you? A diet that prioritizes a wide range of plant foods not only provides essential nutrients and antioxidants, but also helps reduce chronic disease risks.

Embracing the “diets of centenarians” means adding variety to your plate, savoring seasonal produce, and perhaps even exploring wild edibles in your region. In doing so, you’re not just nourishing your body, you’re setting the stage for longevity.

Practice Caloric Restriction

Another intriguing habit shared by many centenarians is that they don’t just watch what they eat, they pay attention to when they eat. These long-lived individuals naturally practice a form of caloric restriction, not through strict dieting, but through mindful eating patterns.

They don’t overeat—instead, they consume just enough to meet their body’s needs while maintaining fasting periods of up to 17 hours between meals. In fact, one research published by Frontiers in Nutrition suggests that daily practice of moderate caloric intake, might allow both metabolism and the immune system to efficiently minimize the stress induced by the main meal of the day.⁴

This suggests that the timing of meals can be just as important as the quantity consumed. While the science is still evolving, consider experimenting with earlier dinners and incorporating a prolonged overnight fasting window into your daily routine.

It’s never a bad idea to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if it’s right for you. Start by shifting your dinner earlier by an hour or two and see how you feel.

The key is finding a sustainable approach that fits your lifestyle and supports your overall health. It might just be one small step toward unlocking the secrets to longevity.

Limit Salt and Sugar Intake

You might have heard the advice “everything in moderation”, and it holds especially true for salt and sugar. High salt intake has long been associated with increased risks of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, while excessive sugar consumption can lead to metabolic issues like diabetes and obesity.

According to research published by GeroScience, many centenarians worldwide prefer a low-salt diet.⁵ A separate study among Centenarians in rural Chongqing, China, suggests that they avoid sweet, fatty, and high-cholesterol foods.

These studies suggest that diets low in processed foods, which tend to contain high levels of salt and sugar, are linked with better cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes. Although the research is still evolving, it’s clear that minimizing these additives can help maintain stable blood pressure and healthy blood sugar levels.

By opting for fresh, whole foods and experimenting with natural flavor enhancers such as herbs and spices, you can create meals that are both delicious and heart-healthy.

Think of this as one of the building blocks of the centenarian lifestyle—a pattern observed across different cultures that might just help tip the scales in favor of long-term wellness.

Stay Physically Active

An image of physically active matured women

If you want to live like a centenarian, you’ve got to get moving. Centenarians are highly active and rarely sedentary. Many of them incorporate physical activity seamlessly into their daily routines.

They come from agricultural backgrounds or live in rural areas where physical activity is a natural part of life. They even work beyond the expected age of retirement.⁶ But instead of engaging in sporadic bursts of exercise, centenarians tend to maintain a steady level of physical activity throughout their lives.

No wonder why regular physical activity is known to support cardiovascular health, improve muscle tone, and even contribute to better mental health.⁷ Research has linked lifelong, moderate physical activity with improvements in balance, cognitive function, and overall vitality.

Studies have also shown that centenarians who remain active tend to have better mobility and lower rates of chronic diseases compared to those who are less active. What’s the common thread here? Consistency.

It’s not necessarily about high-intensity workouts, but about integrating movement into your everyday life. Whether that means taking regular walks, engaging in light stretching, or simply choosing to stand up and move around more often.

Even modest changes, like gardening or taking the stairs instead of the elevator, can add up over time. While these findings are encouraging, each person’s ideal level of activity is different. The key is to find forms of movement that you enjoy and can stick with over the long haul.

Avoid Smoking and Excessive Drinking

This one might seem obvious, but it’s worth reiterating. If you want to increase your odds of reaching the age of 100 years while being healthy, avoiding harmful habits is just as important as adopting healthy ones.

In fact, many centenarians either never smoked or quit early in life, and most limit their alcohol consumption. There’s a well-established link between smoking and numerous health issues, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

Likewise, too much alcohol consumption can impair cognitive function and put undue stress on vital organs. Research among Chinese nonagenarians and centenarians suggests that smoking and heavy alcohol consumption are linked to higher rates of cognitive impairment in men.⁸

Additionally, a study from Zhejiang Province, China, found that centenarians exhibited lower rates of smoking compared to non-centenarians. It suggests that avoiding tobacco may contribute to a longer, healthier life.⁹

By avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol intake, these individuals reduced their risk of chronic diseases and cognitive decline, which highlights a lifestyle choice that many of us can consider to better health and longevity.

Maintain Strong Social Connections

It turns out that longevity is not just about what you eat or how much you move. Who you surround yourself with might be just as important.

For centenarians, maintaining robust family bonds and community involvement is a way of life. According to research published in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior, social networks or involvement in social relationships can improve mental health and overall life satisfaction.¹⁰

While not participating in social activities was significantly associated with lower odds of becoming a centenarian.¹¹ Social bonds, after all, offer a network of care and support that can buffer against the stresses of aging.

Modern life often pushes us toward isolation. Digital connections replace real conversations. Quick texts substitute for long talks. But your biology craves authentic human interaction.

Start small and stay consistent. Join that local club you’ve been considering. Schedule regular family dinners. Volunteer for community projects. Each social interaction builds your longevity foundation. Remember, relationships require the same dedication as any other health practice. Like exercise or nutrition, the benefits compound over time.

Every meaningful connection you nurture today becomes part of your longevity strategy for tomorrow.

Develop Resilience and a Positive Attitude

An image of a resilient woman with positive attitude.

Have you ever noticed how some people seem to handle tough situations better than others? Life can be tricky, and how we react to challenging situations can affect how healthy and long we live.

What we can learn from centenarians is that they tend to be resilient individuals who process stress differently. These individuals share a certain mental toughness by not letting stress and negativity consume them.

Instead, they develop coping mechanisms, practice gratitude, and focus on the good in their lives. Personality traits such as low neuroticism, high extraversion, and trust help centenarians cope with stress.¹²

Of course, developing resilience isn’t about denying life’s challenges—it’s about finding ways to adapt and thrive despite them. So if you’re looking to boost your own well-being, consider exploring techniques that help build mental resilience.

A little bit of optimism with practical stress management strategies might just be another secret ingredient in the recipe for a long, fulfilling life.

Get a Good Night’s Sleep

An image of a matured woman with a good sleep.

Sleep isn’t just downtime; it’s a crucial period for bodily repair, memory consolidation, and preparation for the day’s demands. Centenarians understand this implicitly.

They know the impact of good sleep quality on both physical and mental health. But what does “good sleep” look like for someone living past 100?

Studies from the Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics suggest that centenarians tend to go to sleep early, wake up early, and take afternoon naps.¹³ They also like to create a conducive sleep environment such as setting relaxing bedtime routines, and ensuring their bedrooms are dark, quiet, and free from distractions.

While studies in sleep science continue to evolve, the link between good sleep and longevity is one that many experts find compelling.¹⁴

Find Purpose in Life

An image of a man happily living his purpose in life.

Living to 100 demands a reason to wake up excited each morning. Centenarians have a strong sense of purpose or spiritual beliefs which motivates them to stay actively engaged with life.

Researchers agree that having a sense of meaning and direction in life is associated with living longer. What’s more, having higher purpose may help delay age-associated illnesses and functional decline.¹⁵

Finding your purpose doesn’t require grand gestures or world-changing accomplishments. It can be as simple as pursuing a beloved hobby, volunteering in your community, or mentoring others.

For centenarians, they also place considerable importance on divine support in their lives. In one investigation, centenarians who felt a strong sense of purpose were noted to experience better health outcomes than those who did not. ¹⁶

While research is still uncovering the exact mechanisms behind this association, it’s clear that having something to live for can be incredibly powerful. This also aligns with the finding that religiosity was one of the major themes that emerged from a qualitative analysis about adaptation and coping in the lives of centenarians.¹⁷

Prevent Health Issues Early

An image of matured men and women exercising to prevent health issues.

Look at centenarian health records and you’ll notice that they take far fewer medications and develop chronic conditions much later in life compared to others.

Their secret lies in a proactive approach to health. By making mindful daily choices, they build natural resilience against disease. Embracing a balanced lifestyle which includes a nutritious diet, regular physical activity, and effective stress management, centenarians prevent many health issues from ever taking root.

In contrast, many older adults face the danger of polypharmacy, where the simultaneous use of multiple medications can lead to adverse drug interactions and a decline in overall well-being.

This growing concern has led researchers from The National Institute on Aging to advocate for “deprescribing,” which is a process of reducing unnecessary medications in older populations.¹⁸

Ultimately, the healthy lifestyles of centenarians demonstrate that prevention is key. Emphasizing prevention and taking care of your health early in life can help reduce your risk of developing chronic diseases and increase your chances of living a long and healthy life. This includes adopting a healthy lifestyle, even at an advanced age.

Embrace Low-Stress Living Environments

An image of low-stress living environment.

Studies have suggested that environments promoting physical activity and reduced reliance on cars, which are often found in less urbanized areas, may contribute to longer lifespans.

This trend is illustrated by Blue Zone regions, where natural surroundings and a strong sense of community contribute significantly to long, healthy lives. One key aspect of Blue Zone living is that these communities are often located in less urbanized areas, characterized by cleaner air, access to nature, and a slower pace of life.

Research has shown that centenarians who live within their communities and are often with the support of family caregiving tend to be less dependent and in better cognitive health than those in nursing homes.¹⁹

The nurturing care provided by family members and a close-knit community not only supports their physical well-being but also enriches their mental and emotional health.

Additionally, studies suggest that people residing in highly walkable, mixed-age communities may be more likely to celebrate their 100th birthday.²⁰ Such environments encourage regular physical activity, spontaneous social interactions, and a harmonious balance between work and leisure.

All these factors work together to create a supportive backdrop that can enhance overall well-being and contribute to a longer, more fulfilling life.

Test Your Longevity Biomarkers

An image of a scientist identifying specific biomarkers.

Scientists have identified specific biomarkers that reveal the true rate of aging in our bodies.

For instance, DNA methylation patterns in centenarians show distinct signatures linked to longevity.²¹ Tracking these epigenetic markers provides insights into how quickly you’re aging at a cellular level.

Research also shows that healthy centenarians have lower levels of biomarkers linked to inflammation, fibrosis (tissue scarring), and catabolism (the breakdown of molecules).²² Keeping these markers in check is essential for healthy aging.

Moreover, circulating NAD⁺/NADH levels are positively associated with cognitive capacity in centenarians.²³ This shows how important healthy cells are for a sharp mind.

The great news is that at-home testing makes monitoring these biomarkers easier than ever. By tracking key indicators like DNA methylation patterns, cellular senescence markers, and intracellular NAD levels, you gain a precise window into your aging process.

Our comprehensive AgingSOS® Advanced Longevity Panel measures 22 key longevity biomarkers, including intracellular NAD+ levels, giving you deep insights into your cellular health—from mitochondrial function to oxidative stress levels and beyond.

For those specifically focused on NAD optimization, we also offer our standalone Intracellular NAD® test for more frequent monitoring of this crucial molecule.

Staying proactive with your health not only lowers the risk of age-related diseases but also paves the way for a longer, healthier life. Embrace these advances and your future self will thank you.

Referenced Sources:

An arrangement of foods that boost libido: dates, nuts, and turmeric

9 Libido-Boosting Foods and Supplements for Men and Women

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 14, 2025. Posted in Supplements, Health Conditions, Turmeric/Curcumin.

As Valentine’s Day approaches, many couples find themselves thinking about intimacy and connection. Yet the reality is that sexual wellness deserves attention year-round – it’s an essential component of overall health that influences everything from relationship satisfaction to mental wellbeing.

The connection between diet and desire isn’t just folk wisdom passed down through generations. Modern research continues to uncover the intricate ways that specific nutrients and bioactive compounds influence hormonal balance, blood flow, energy levels, and other physiological factors that impact libido.

In this evidence-based exploration, we’ll examine nine foods and supplements that show particular promise for supporting healthy libido and helping with low sex drive in both men and women.

An Informed Approach to Natural Enhancement

The journey toward optimizing sexual wellness through natural means requires a thoughtful, informed approach. While the foods and supplements we’ll discuss have promising research behind them, the field of sexual health supplementation warrants special consideration.

Sexual health supplements, though promising, aren’t regulated like prescription medications – making quality and safety paramount. Before starting any supplement routine, consult a healthcare provider if you:

Take prescription medications
Have heart disease or hormone-sensitive conditions
Are pregnant, nursing, or trying to conceive
Have upcoming surgery
Experience unexplained changes in sexual function

Remember: persistent changes in libido can signal underlying health issues that deserve medical attention. Natural approaches should complement, not replace, proper medical care when needed.

Nine Foods and Supplements That May Support Libido

Whether you’re looking to boost libido or increase sex drive, these evidence-backed libido boosters offer promising paths forward. Let’s explore each one in detail, understanding both their traditional uses and the modern science that supports their effectiveness.

Seafood

A platter of oysters on a light pink background

Seafood has been identified as a significant food type that enhances sexual activity, particularly in men. In a study involving married Egyptian women, 78% of participants reported that seafood improved their husbands’ sexual performance¹.

Ocean-dwelling species offer a remarkable concentration of nutrients that support sexual health.

Central to their benefits is zinc – a mineral that plays a vital role in hormone production and reproductive health for both men and women. Oysters lead the pack, containing more zinc per serving than any other food source.

Zinc is involved in maintaining hormonal balance, particularly testosterone levels, which are crucial for male sexual function. Zinc deficiency can lead to decreased testosterone levels, impacting libido and sexual performance².

Zinc has also been shown to improve aspects sexual function in postmenopausal women such as desire, arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, and reduced pain during intercourse³.

Seafood is also rich in other important minerals like selenium, which has been shown to improve sperm motility and concentration in subfertile men⁴.

Cold-water fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines also provide omega-3 fatty acids that support healthy blood flow – a crucial factor in sexual response.

Nuts

The humble nut – a concentrated package of nutrients that ancient cultures have long associated with fertility and vitality – continues to impress modern researchers with its potential benefits for sexual health.

At the heart of nuts’ libido-supporting properties is their rich array of healthy fats, particularly L-arginine. Pine nuts and pistachios stand out for their high concentrations of this amino acid, which plays a crucial role in nitric oxide production and healthy blood flow.

One study on healthy males found that supplementing a Western-style diet with 60 grams of mixed nuts per day significantly improved self-reported orgasmic function and sexual desire⁵.

Another randomized controlled trial demonstrated that nut consumption improved semen quality, including total sperm count, vitality, motility, and morphology. These improvements were partly attributed to a reduction in sperm DNA fragmentation, suggesting a potential mechanism by which nuts could enhance male reproductive health⁶.

Dates

In Middle Eastern tradition, dates have long been celebrated for their potential to enhance romantic vitality. Modern research is beginning to validate this ancient wisdom, uncovering sophisticated mechanisms behind these sweet fruits’ effects on sexual health.

Dates are one of nature’s richest sources of boron – a trace mineral that plays a surprisingly important role in sex hormone metabolism.

Research suggests boron helps the body maintain optimal levels of both testosterone and estrogen, while also supporting the body’s use of vitamin D, another crucial player in hormone production⁷.

Date fruit extracts have demonstrated the ability to inhibit both arginase and PDE-5 enzymes – biological pathways directly involved in erectile function⁸.

The research showed significant enhancement of sexual behaviors in supplemented groups compared to controls, suggesting that compounds in dates may directly support libido and sexual function.

These discoveries help explain traditional observations about dates’ effects on sexual performance.

Turmeric (Curcumin)

At the heart of turmeric’s benefits lies curcumin, a bioactive compound that supports sexual wellness through multiple pathways – particularly through its effects on blood flow and hormonal balance.

Recent research has unveiled an intriguing mechanism: turmeric’s ability to increase serum adiponectin levels, which in turn helps modulate key reproductive hormones like estradiol and progesterone. In stress-based studies, this hormonal modulation translated into measurable improvements in sexual behavior and hormone profiles⁹.

Research in hypertensive models demonstrated turmeric’s protective effects on reproductive function through multiple pathways. The spice was found to combat oxidative stress while simultaneously boosting both nitric oxide and testosterone levels¹⁰.

While turmeric can be consumed in food, achieving therapeutic doses through diet alone can be challenging. A high-quality supplement that addresses bioavailability concerns may provide more reliable benefits for sexual health support.

For those seeking optimal absorption and effectiveness, Jinfiniti’s Extra Strength Turmeric Curcumin Supplement combines clinical-grade turmeric extract (95% curcuminoids) with synergistic ingredients including Boswellia, ginger root, quercetin, and piperine.

Maca Root

While traditional societies have valued this adaptogenic plant for centuries, modern research is uncovering fascinating mechanisms behind maca’s benefits – particularly for those facing specific sexual health challenges.

For women, maca’s effects are both significant and somewhat mysterious. A systematic review showed improvements in sexual dysfunction symptoms among postmenopausal women, particularly in areas of arousal and orgasm¹¹.

These benefits occur without altering estrogen or androgen levels, suggesting maca works through novel pathways distinct from hormonal manipulation¹².

Even more promising is maca’s potential for women experiencing sexual side effects from antidepressant medications. Research has revealed a dose-dependent relationship between maca supplementation and improved sexual function scores in women taking SSRIs¹³.

For men, maca’s benefits take a different but equally important path. Studies have documented improvements in both sperm count and motility with regular maca consumption¹⁴.

Fenugreek Extract

While fenugreek might be familiar to some as a culinary spice, its role in sexual health extends far beyond the kitchen. This Mediterranean herb has emerged as one of the most researched natural libido enhancers, with compelling evidence supporting its benefits for both men and women.

The most substantial research comes from studies using Testofen, a standardized fenugreek extract. Clinical trials have demonstrated its ability to enhance male libido, with participants reporting significant improvements in sexual arousal and orgasm quality¹⁵. What makes these findings particularly interesting is their correlation with broader quality of life improvements – notably increased muscle strength and energy levels.

For women, fenugreek’s effects are equally promising, though through potentially different pathways. Clinical research has documented meaningful increases in both sexual desire and arousal among female participants supplementing with fenugreek extract¹⁶.

The secret behind fenugreek’s effectiveness may lie in its rich content of saponins, particularly diosgenin. These compounds appear to support healthy hormone levels while also promoting improved blood flow to reproductive tissues.

Tongkat Ali

Tongkat Ali is traditionally used to treat sexual dysfunction and enhance libido, particularly in men.

Numerous clinical studies and trials have demonstrated the efficacy of Tongkat Ali in improving male sexual health, including conditions like erectile dysfunction and low libido¹⁷. These studies highlight its potential as a natural alternative to testosterone replacement therapy, offering benefits without significant side effects¹⁸.

Some studies have shown that Tongkat ali root extracts can improve libido, energy, restore hormonal balance, and enhance sports performance¹⁹.

The plant’s active compound, eurycomanone, has been found to increase testosterone production and spermatogenesis²⁰, which may contribute to its aphrodisiac properties.

An important caveat: quality matters enormously with Tongkat Ali. The marketplace is flooded with products of questionable purity, and some research suggests that up to 27% of commercial products may be adulterated²¹ or contain little to no active compounds.

Ashwagandha

If stress is the enemy of libido, ashwagandha might be a formidable opponent. This adaptogenic herb, revered in Ayurvedic medicine for over 3,000 years, has some promising research behind it for sexual wellness, with clinical studies validating its benefits for both men and women.

Several randomized control trials have documented ashwagandha’s comprehensive effects on male sexual health, showing improvements across multiple parameters.

Beyond its well-known stress-reducing properties, the herb demonstrates aphrodisiac qualities, enhancing sperm concentration and motility while supporting testosterone levels²². These improvements in reproductive health markers correlate directly with increased libido and sexual performance²³.

Women’s sexual health responds equally well to ashwagandha, as demonstrated through clinical assessment tools. A pilot study using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS) have revealed significant improvements across all major aspects of sexual function²⁴.

Participants experienced enhanced desire, arousal, and lubrication, along with improved orgasm quality and overall satisfaction. The improvements showed statistical significance compared to placebo groups, confirming ashwagandha’s impact on female sexual wellness.

Ginseng

Few herbs have earned as much scientific attention in sexual wellness research as ginseng, particularly Korean red ginseng (KRG).

Ginseng’s effects stem from its unique compounds called ginsenosides. These natural molecules work through multiple pathways to enhance sexual function.

In men, research has documented ginseng’s ability to support healthy erections through two key mechanisms: promoting nitric oxide release²⁵ and supporting vasodilation in the corpus cavernosum²⁶. This dual action not only supports blood flow but also enhances the overall sexual response.

For women, particularly those navigating menopause, Korean red ginseng shows equally promising benefits. Clinical studies using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) have demonstrated significant improvements in sexual arousal and satisfaction among participants taking KRG²⁷.

Embracing a Natural Approach to Boosting Libido

The journey to enhanced sexual wellness isn’t about quick fixes – it’s about understanding and supporting your body’s natural processes. Each option we’ve explored, from mineral-rich seafood to adaptogenic herbs, offers unique benefits while working through different yet complementary mechanisms.

What stands out is the importance of a comprehensive approach to sexual health. Whether through the stress-reducing effects of ashwagandha, the hormone-supporting properties of maca, or the circulation-enhancing benefits of turmeric, each substance plays its own role.

The key lies in personalization and patience. While some may find immediate benefits from certain supplements, others might respond better to the steady support of daily nutrients from whole foods.

Sexual wellness reflects overall health, and these natural options support more than just libido. Start with one or two options that resonate most with your needs, and consider working with a healthcare provider to develop a plan that’s right for you.

Interested in exploring more ways to optimize your cellular health? Check out our article on 20 foods that naturally boost NAD+ levels to discover how diet can support your body’s energy production and vitality.

References

7 Anti-Aging Exercises for Longevity (and One Workout to Avoid)

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 13, 2025. Posted in Longevity, Energy and Fatigue.

The secret to a longer life lies in two fundamental practices: nourishing our bodies with healthy food and staying physically active.

What makes regular exercise particularly fascinating is its profound impact at the molecular level — every workout rewrites your epigenetic code, influencing which genes become active and which remain dormant. These molecular changes determine your biological age or the age of how your body feels and functions.

That’s why a well-rounded approach is key. Different types of exercise activate different pathways in the body.¹ Some boost mitochondrial function, others strengthen bones, and some protect brain health.² To slow the biological aging process, you need a strategy—not just sweat. The right mix can help you stay strong, sharp, and energized for decades.

But not all workouts work in your favor. Surprisingly, one popular exercise speeds up aging. Let’s break down 7 of the best longevity exercises—and the one routine that could work against you.

Key Takeaways:

Exercise works deep in your cells to combat aging by rewriting genetic code and improving cellular function – making it one of the most powerful tools for living longer and healthier.
The ideal longevity routine combines different types of movement: resistance training for muscle, Zone 2 cardio for metabolism, balance work for stability, and walking for brain and heart health.
While exercise benefits longevity, ultra-endurance activities like marathons may accelerate aging by shortening telomeres and stressing the heart. Balance and proper recovery are key.
The effectiveness of an exercise program should be measured not just by how you feel after working out, but by tracking biomarkers like inflammation levels (CRP, IL-6) and monitoring recovery capacity, energy levels, and cellular health over time.

Can Exercise Help Reverse Aging?

Exercise is one of the most powerful ways to slow, and even reverse, aspects of aging. Unlike anti-wrinkle creams or pills and powders that target surface-level aging, movement works deep in your cells, influencing how your body functions at every level.

A study published in Rejuvenation Research showed that exercise has multi-system anti-aging effects.³ It improves cardiovascular health, boosts brain function, enhances mitochondrial efficiency, and protects against DNA damage. It also activates longevity-related pathways like AMPK and sirtuins, helping to repair and renew tissues.

But to truly age well, it’s important to understand the difference between longevity and life expectancy.⁴ Life expectancy is how long you can live, but longevity is about how well you function as you age. The goal isn’t just adding more years to your life—it’s about making those years count.

The right exercise routine can help you do just that. Here are the top seven exercises to keep you strong, mobile, and thriving as you age.

Exercise #1: Resistance Training

Muscle mass predicts longevity better than BMI or other traditional health markers. After age 30, we lose 3-8% of our muscle mass per decade through sarcopenia—a process that accelerates cellular aging and increases mortality risk.⁵

Strategic resistance training reverses this decline at the molecular level. Compound movements like squats, deadlifts, and push-ups work multiple muscle groups at once, improving coordination and metabolism.

Unlike isolation exercises (like bicep curls) that target just one muscle at a time, compound movements stimulate greater muscle growth and boost metabolism by demanding more energy, helping to maintain lean mass and prevent sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss).

Plus, because these exercises mimic real-life movements like lifting, pushing, and bending, they improve functional strength, making everyday activities easier and reducing the risk of injury.

For optimal results, aim for at least 2 resistance training sessions per week, using moderate to heavy loads that challenge your muscles.⁶ Progressive overload, gradually increasing weight or reps helps stimulate NAD+ metabolism and mitochondrial health, both of which are essential for cellular energy and repair.

Example Longevity-Focused Resistance Workout:

2-3 sessions per week

Full-body workout focusing on compound movements:

Goblet squats (or barbell squats): 3 sets of 8-12 reps
Dumbbell rows: 3 sets of 10-15 reps each side
Push-ups (or bench press): 3 sets of 8-12 reps
Romanian deadlift: 3 sets of 6-10 reps
Plank: 3 sets of 30 seconds

Use moderate weights (6-8 out of 10 effort level) and focus on proper form. Rest 90 seconds between sets. Progress by increasing weight or reps when exercises feel comfortable.

Exercise #2: Aerobic Exercise

Aerobic exercise isn’t just good for your heart. It’s also one of the most effective ways to extend your lifespan. In fact, a study published in the International Journal of General Medicine found that regular cardio reduces the risk of heart disease like heart attacks and strokes, leading to increased lifespan and better quality of life.⁷

One key reason? Aerobic activity helps reduce cellular senescence, a process where old, dysfunctional cells accumulate and contribute to aging.⁸ It also improves mitochondrial efficiency, ensuring your cells produce energy more effectively as you age.⁹

For the best anti-aging effects, aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic exercise per week. Activities like brisk walking, cycling, swimming, and rowing offer sustainable, low-impact options that are easy on the joints while delivering massive health benefits.

Here’s a table showing optimal heart rate ranges for aerobic exercise by age:

Age Range	Target Heart Rate Zone (50-85% of Maximum)	Maximum Heart Rate
20-30 years	98-166 beats per minute	195-200 bpm
31-40 years	93-157 beats per minute	185-190 bpm
41-50 years	88-149 beats per minute	175-180 bpm
51-60 years	83-140 beats per minute	165-170 bpm
61-70 years	78-132 beats per minute	155-160 bpm
70+ years	73-123 beats per minute	145-150 bpm

Note: These ranges are general guidelines based on the common formula of “220 minus age” for maximum heart rate. Individual targets may vary based on fitness level, medications, and overall health status. It’s always recommended to consult with a healthcare provider to determine your personal optimal exercise heart rate range.

Longevity is about consistency, not extremes. Find an aerobic activity you enjoy and make it a lifelong habit—your heart (and future self) will thank you.

Exercise #3: Zone 2 Cardio

An image of a matured man doing cardio exercise.

Zone 2 training has gained prominence through the work of longevity researcher Peter Attia. This moderate-intensity exercise allows you to train for longer periods without excessive fatigue. It relies primarily on fat for energy, though some carbohydrates are also used as intensity increases.¹⁰

Unlike high-intensity workouts that focus on short bursts of effort, Zone 2 keeps you at a steady, sustainable pace—challenging enough to improve endurance but easy enough to maintain for long periods.

To find your Zone 2: Aim for 60-70% of your max heart rate (220 minus your age). Another simple test is the “talk test”—you should be able to hold a conversation in full sentences without gasping for air.

While it may not feel as intense as sprints or heavy lifting, Zone 2 training is a game-changer for longevity because it optimizes how your body produces and utilizes energy. It improves mitochondrial function, allowing your cells to generate energy more efficiently.

At the same time, it enhances fat oxidation, making your metabolism more adaptable and reducing the risk of insulin resistance. This type of training also strengthens your heart and lowers inflammation, both key factors in preventing chronic disease.

For longevity, aim for 3-5 sessions per week, lasting 45-90 minutes per session. The key is consistency over time.

Examples of Zone 2 Activities:

Brisk walking on a slight incline

Light jogging

Cycling at a steady pace

Rowing at moderate intensity

Hiking on flat or rolling terrain

Exercise #4: Balance and Flexibility Training

An image of a man exercising for balance and flexibility.

As we age, our risk of falls and the complications that come with them increases dramatically. In fact, falls are the second leading cause of accidental injury-related deaths worldwide, with older adults being the most affected.¹¹ Even minor balance issues can increase the risk of fractures, hospitalizations, and long-term mobility loss.

Balance training strengthens the vestibular system, which controls spatial awareness and stability.¹² It also enhances neuroplasticity, helping your brain adapt and maintain coordination over time.¹³ Meanwhile, flexibility work keeps your joints mobile, reducing stiffness and inflammation that contribute to pain and injury.

Improving balance doesn’t require intense workouts. Simple daily practices like single-leg stands while brushing your teeth, heel-to-toe walking, or controlled stretching can make a significant difference. Yoga, Tai Chi, and dynamic stretching routines also help improve posture, coordination, and joint health.

For longevity, aim for:

Balance exercises (e.g., standing on one foot, Bosu ball training) 3-5 times per week

Flexibility training (e.g., yoga, dynamic stretching) at least 2-3 times per week

Even a few minutes a day of balance and flexibility exercises can have profound effects on longevity, mobility, and quality of life. The key is consistency, small efforts today can mean greater independence in the decades ahead.

Exercise #5: HIIT

High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is one of the most efficient ways to boost cardiovascular health, build muscle, and improve metabolic function—all in a short amount of time.¹⁴ It involves short bursts of intense effort followed by recovery periods.¹⁵

A typical session might include 30 seconds of all-out work (like sprinting or fast cycling), followed by 30-60 seconds of rest, repeated for 15-30 minutes. This approach keeps your heart rate elevated, maximizes calorie burn, and improves endurance without the wear and tear of long, steady-state cardio.

A study published in Medicina showed that HIIT can enhance mitochondrial function, and even slow cellular aging by promoting better energy production at a cellular level.¹⁶ The researchers also noted that engaging in HIIT led to improvements in glycemic control, as evidenced by reduced blood glucose levels and enhanced insulin sensitivity.

While HIIT is highly effective, it should be tailored to your fitness level to avoid excessive strain, especially as you age. Low-impact variations, such as cycling, swimming, or bodyweight exercises, reduce joint stress while still delivering benefits.

For longevity, 2-3 HIIT sessions per week (lasting 15-30 minutes) are enough to get the benefits without overloading your system. Make sure to space out HIIT sessions and pair them with lower-intensity workouts, like Zone 2 cardio or strength training, to maintain balance.

HIIT is proof that short, intense workouts can yield big longevity benefits. Just be sure to balance effort with recovery. Older adults need more time to repair muscle tissue and regulate stress hormones like cortisol.

Exercise #6: Walking

Walking is one of the simplest yet most powerful ways to improve longevity. Higher daily step counts are linked to lower mortality rates, with benefits seen even at 7,000-8,000 steps per day.¹⁷ ¹⁸But beyond just adding years to your life, walking supports nearly every system in your body.

A study published in Brain Sciences revealed that regular walking boosts cognitive function and promotes neurogenesis, the growth of new brain cells.¹⁹ It also improves blood flow to the brain, reduces the risk of dementia, and enhances memory and learning ability.

Walking is also great for the heart. It stimulates circulation, helping to maintain healthy blood pressure and support heart health. It also activates the lymphatic system, which supports your body’s detoxification and immune function.

Gentle movement like walking also lowers cortisol levels, reducing stress and systemic inflammation. It also supports better sleep, which is crucial for recovery and overall well-being.

Walking isn’t just about physical health. It’s also a great way to stay socially connected. Whether through walking groups, casual strolls with friends, or even phone calls while walking, it encourages community and emotional well-being.

The best part? Walking is easy to integrate into daily life. Take the stairs, walk during phone calls, or set aside time for a morning or evening stroll. Aim for at least 30 minutes a day or break it up into smaller chunks. Every step adds up to a healthier, longer life.

Exercise #7: Facial Exercises

An image of a matured woman doing facial exercise.

While most anti-aging exercises focus on the body, your face also has muscles that weaken over time. While gravity and tissue descent were once thought to be the main culprits, a study published in the International Open Access Journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons shows that muscle atrophy also contributes to aging skin.²⁰

As we age, facial muscles shrink and lose strength, causing a hollowed, less firm appearance. This means that aging isn’t just skin deep. It’s a complex process involving multiple layers of the face, from bone structure to muscle loss and shifting fat pads.

Facial exercises, also called face yoga, aim to combat facial muscle atrophy, improve circulation, and promote collagen production—helping maintain a youthful appearance. When you engage in repetitive muscle movements, you stimulate blood flow to the skin, delivering oxygen and nutrients that support cellular repair.

A study published in Aesthetic Surgery Journal showed that this increased circulation can enhance collagen production, the protein responsible for keeping skin firm and elastic. Over time, stronger facial muscles may provide better structural support, reducing sagging and softening fine lines. ²¹

While early studies are promising, more rigorous research is needed to confirm long-term anti-aging effects. A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that participants who performed regular facial exercises for 20 weeks looked about three years younger based on dermatologist assessments.²² However, the study had limitations, including a small sample size and a lack of a control group.

In another study published by Bentham Science, it was also found that exercises targeting the cheeks, mouth, eyes, and chin may help maintain a youthful appearance.²³ Yet, it is still necessary to carry out controlled and randomized studies to determine whether facial muscle exercises provide measurable benefits for facial aging.

Which Exercise Might Accelerate Aging?

More isn’t always better—especially when it comes to endurance training.

Ultra-endurance exercise, like running marathons or extreme cycling, has been linked to cellular aging. A study published in the International Journal of Sport Studies for Health found that excessive training can shorten telomeres, the protective caps on our DNA that naturally shrink as we age.²⁴ Over time, this could speed up biological aging.

Endurance capacity declines after age 60 and is influenced by factors such as sex, training history, and the type of activity performed. While staying active is crucial for healthy aging, long-term participation in ultra-endurance activities can increase the risk of heart disease, sudden death, and accelerated cellular aging.

Another concern is heart health. In a study published by Missouri Medicine, researchers found that some ultra-endurance athletes develop heart scarring, potentially increasing the risk of arrhythmias and other cardiac issues.²⁵ On top of that, chronic high-intensity exercise can spike oxidative stress and cortisol levels, leading to inflammation and slower recovery.

Endurance training is great for overall health, but overdoing it can have the opposite effect. The key is balance—pushing your body enough to gain strength and stamina without overwhelming its ability to recover.

Overtraining can lead to persistent fatigue, trouble sleeping, increased injury risk, and even a drop in performance. These are your body’s warning signs that it needs more rest.

Everyone’s tolerance for exercise varies based on genetics, training history, and lifestyle factors. Some people thrive on higher volumes, while others need more recovery time.

The best approach is to listen to your body, adjust intensity as needed, and prioritize recovery methods like proper nutrition, sleep, and rest days. Exercise should enhance longevity, not wear you down.

How Do You Know If Your Exercise Program Is Working?

Feeling good after a workout is great, but the real test is what’s happening at the cellular level. Exercise impacts key health markers like inflammation, mitochondrial function, and even the length of your telomeres.

Tracking inflammatory markers like CRP (C-reactive protein) and IL-6 can give you a clearer picture of whether your routine is supporting longevity or causing unnecessary stress on your body. Tools like the cellular inflammation test and the AgingSOS longevity panel can measure these changes, helping you see how your exercise habits are influencing your health over time.

Rather than relying on how you feel after a workout, focus on measurable improvements—better recovery, stable energy levels, and positive shifts in your biomarker data. A well-designed routine should make you stronger at the cellular level, not just leave you sweating.

DISCOVER OUR AT-HOME TESTS

Referenced Sources:

An image of an old woman holding a clock to depict epigenetic aging

What are Epigenetic Clocks? Why These “Aging Clocks” Matter

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 11, 2025. Posted in Epigenetic, Longevity. No Comments on What are Epigenetic Clocks? Why These “Aging Clocks” Matter

Your biological age tells a different story than the candles on your birthday cake.

Through groundbreaking research in epigenetics, scientists have discovered remarkable molecular timekeepers that measure how quickly you’re truly aging at the cellular level.

These sophisticated tools, known as epigenetic clocks, track specific epigenetic changes in your DNA that accumulate over time.¹ As biomarkers of aging, they provide unprecedented insight into the aging process, moving beyond traditional measures like wrinkles or gray hair that only tell part of the story.

Key Takeaways:

Epigenetic clocks measure biological aging by tracking specific DNA methylation patterns, providing a more accurate picture of how well your body is functioning compared to your chronological age.
Epigenetic age testing uses DNA methylation analysis to calculate biological age, with tests like Jinfiniti’s Age Rate providing comprehensive results from over 10,000 methylation sites.
Epigenetic clocks are transforming medicine by offering predictive, rather than reactive healthcare. They can aid in disease risk assessment, monitor treatments, and guide lifestyle changes.

What is the Epigenetic Clock?

An image of a matured woman aging with grace.

The epigenetic clock is a biomarker that measures aging by tracking specific chemical modifications to DNA.

Throughout our lives, small molecules called methyl groups are added to or removed from precise locations in our genome in a predictable pattern. Scientists call this process “DNA methylation²,” and remarkably, these changes are so consistent that they can be used as timestamp markers of aging.

While these clocks can accurately estimate how many years a person has lived, their real power lies in measuring biological age – how well your body’s cells and systems are functioning relative to your actual years. This biological age measurement can reveal whether someone is aging faster or slower than expected, providing important insights into their health status and potential risk for age-related diseases.

Key Concepts: Chronological Age, Biological Age and Epigenetic Age

Chronological age is the actual time a person has lived

Biological age refers to how old a person seems based on various physiological markers

Epigenetic age, estimated through DNA methylation patterns, serves as a biomarker for biological age and can sometimes predict health outcomes better than chronological age

How Do Epigenetic Clocks Work?

An image of a female doctor analyzing DNA data

Epigenetic clocks are constructed by analyzing DNA methylation data from thousands of tissue samples. They work by measuring methylation levels at specific CpG sites³ – regions where two DNA building blocks, cytosine and guanine, sit next to each other in the genome.

Using machine learning, scientists identify which of these sites show the most consistent age-related changes and create mathematical models that weigh how each site contributes to the aging calculation.

The resulting clock can then analyze any person’s methylation patterns at these key sites to calculate their biological age. When this DNA methylation age differs from chronological age, it reveals whether someone is aging faster or slower than expected for their years.

Types of Epigenetic Clocks

An image of an aging woman looking at an hourglass depicting aging.

Epigenetic clocks have evolved through distinct generations, each bringing new insights into the aging process.

First Generation

The first epigenetic clocks emerged in 2013. Steve Horvath developed what became known as “Horvath’s clock⁴” by analyzing methylation patterns across multiple tissue types. This multi-tissue clock uses 353 DNA methylation sites to estimate biological age with remarkable precision.

That same year, Gregory Hannum introduced “Hannum’s clock,” which focuses on blood samples and uses 71 methylation sites.⁵ While more tissue-specific than Horvath’s clock, it provided complementary insights and helped validate the broader concept of epigenetic aging measurements.

Second Generation

Second-generation clocks represent a major leap forward by linking methylation patterns to specific health outcomes. One example is GrimAge, developed in 2019, which predicts mortality risk with remarkable precision⁶. This clock combines methylation data with surrogate markers for plasma proteins and smoking history, enhancing its ability to forecast health risks.

PhenoAge takes a different approach, incorporating clinical blood chemistry values with methylation data.⁷ This integration allows it to capture biological age changes that correlate strongly with age-related diseases and functional decline.

Third Generation

DunedinPACE marks a paradigm shift in epigenetic clocks. Instead of measuring biological age at a single point, it measures how fast you’re biologically aging.⁸ This measurement provides more immediate feedback on how lifestyle interventions affect your aging trajectory.

Pan-mammalian clocks extend beyond human aging, creating standardized aging measurements across different species. This breakthrough enables comparative aging research and accelerates our understanding of fundamental aging mechanisms.

Today, new specialized clocks are pushing the boundaries of what we can measure, including:

Causal clocks that focus on methylation sites directly involved in the aging process, rather than just correlated with age

Histone mark-based clocks that examine a different type of epigenetic alteration, showing complementary insights to methylation-based measurements

Population-specific models like CMAGE account for ethnic variations in methylation patterns

Explainable AI approaches (XAI-AGE) enhance biological interpretability

Comparison Table of Major Epigenetic Clocks

Clock Name	Generation	Key Features	Target Application
Horvath Clock	1st	353 CpG sites, conserved across tissues	Chronological age estimation
Hannum	1st	71 CpG sites optimized for blood samples	Chronological age in adults
PhenoAge	2nd	Predicts phenotypic age using clinical biomarkers	Mortality/healthspan prediction
GrimAge	2nd	Incorporates smoking history and plasma proteins	Mortality risk assessment
DunedinPACE	3rd	Measures pace of aging rather than cumulative damage	Aging intervention efficacy
Pan-Mammalian	3rd	1,000+ conserved CpGs across 185 species	Cross-species aging comparisons
CMAGE	Population	6 CpG sites optimized for Chinese populations	Ethnic-specific aging research
XAI-AGE	Explainable	Deep learning model with biological pathway integration	Mechanistic aging insights

What Aging Clocks Tell Us

An image of an uncomfortable woman holding a clock depicting aging.

When your epigenetic age reads higher than your chronological age, it signals that cellular aging is accelerating⁹—often before conventional tests show any concerning results.

Epigenetic age acceleration correlates strongly with increased risks of:

Cardiovascular disease

Type 2 diabetes

Cognitive decline

Various cancers

Chronic inflammatory conditions

The difference between your biological and chronological age tells an important story. A lower biological age suggests your body is aging more slowly than average—a sign that your health practices are working. Conversely, a higher biological age signals the need for intervention.

Unlike genetic tests that reveal fixed risks, epigenetic age can improve with positive health interventions, making it an invaluable tool for tracking the effectiveness of longevity protocols.

How to Test Your Epigenetic Age

An image of a woman consulting a doctor to measure epigenetic aging.

Measuring your epigenetic aging rate requires sophisticated DNA methylation analysis. While several epigenetic clock tests are commercially available, the depth and breadth of methylation site analysis directly impact accuracy and insight quality.

Jinfiniti’s AgeRate Epigenetic Age Test examines over 10,000 methylation sites across your genome. This comprehensive at-home test provides higher resolution and more reliable results than DNA methylation aging clocks that analyze fewer sites. Each methylation site represents a data point in your aging profile, contributing to a more complete picture of your biological age.

The testing process begins with our specialized saliva collection kit. This non-invasive method captures the DNA needed for methylation analysis. After collection, your sample undergoes state-of-the-art sequencing at our CLIA-certified laboratory, where we analyze methylation patterns using advanced bioinformatics algorithms.

The AgeRate report translates complex methylation data into clear, actionable insights:

Your precise biological age calculation

Comparison to your chronological age

Detailed analysis of age acceleration or deceleration

Specific recommendations based on your results

AgeRate testing forms the foundation of Jinfiniti’s T-A-O approach:

Test: Establish your baseline biological age

Act: Implement targeted interventions based on your results

Optimize: Track changes in your biological age to refine your longevity protocol

This systematic approach ensures that anti-aging efforts produce measurable results. By retesting periodically, you can validate the effectiveness of your interventions and adjust your strategy as needed.

Your epigenetic age test results integrate seamlessly with other Jinfiniti biomarker panels, particularly the AgingSOS® Advanced Longevity Panel, which paints a complete picture using 22 key aging biomarkers.

SHOP AT-HOME AGE TESTS

The Future of Biological Clocks

An image of a body holding a clock to depict epigenetic clocks.

Epigenetic clocks are transforming medicine from reactive to predictive, reshaping how we approach health and aging. These molecular timekeepers now enable doctors to detect disease risk before symptoms appear and monitor treatment effectiveness in real-time through biological age measurements.

In pharmaceutical research and clinical trials, these clocks accelerate development timelines from decades to years. Biological age changes serve as early indicators of treatment effectiveness, particularly valuable in longevity research where traditional endpoints might take years to measure.

The future promises even more sophisticated applications. Scientists are developing tissue-specific aging clocks, integrating artificial intelligence for better predictions, and creating systems for real-time aging rate measurements. These advances enable truly personalized medicine, where interventions are selected and adjusted based on individual epigenetic profiles.

However, privacy concerns, insurance implications, and equitable access require careful consideration as this technology becomes widespread. Yet the potential to shift healthcare from disease treatment to molecular-level youth maintenance represents a fundamental transformation in human health optimization.

Referenced Sources:

A healthy middle-aged man with good testosterone levels

Can NAD+ and NMN Increase Testosterone Levels?

Written by Jinfiniti Science on February 7, 2025. Posted in NAD, NAD+, NMN. No Comments on Can NAD+ and NMN Increase Testosterone Levels?

Male aging follows a precise biological timeline. At age 30, testosterone production begins its measured decline—dropping 1% each year. This shift fundamentally alters key aspects of men’s health and vitality. Physical strength diminishes. Energy levels fluctuate. Mental clarity and sexual health show measurable changes.

Recent scientific advances have identified two powerful molecules in this equation: NAD+ and its precursor NMN. The science behind how these molecules impact testosterone tells an intriguing story—one where cellular energy and hormonal balance are intimately connected.

In this article, we explore whether NAD and NMN increase testosterone production and examine what current research reveals about these fascinating molecules.

Key Takeaways:

NAD+ levels drop dramatically with age – most people lose nearly half their youthful levels by age 50, affecting cellular energy and overall function.
Testosterone declines 1% yearly after 30, influenced by modifiable factors like body fat, exercise habits, sleep quality, and environmental toxins.
Research shows NAD+ works with sirtuin proteins in Leydig cells to support testosterone production, revealing a direct link between cellular energy and male hormonal health.
NMN acts as a direct precursor to NAD+, supporting cellular energy and metabolic health – though more human studies are needed to confirm its effects on testosterone.

What is NAD+?

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), sometimes referred to as the “helper molecule,” is a crucial coenzyme found in every cell of your body. It plays a central role in cellular metabolism by facilitating electron transfer in hundreds of biological reactions.

One of its most important functions is helping convert nutrients into ATP—the primary energy currency of cells—through a series of complex metabolic pathways.

As we age, NAD+ levels naturally decline in our tissues.¹ Research indicates that by middle age, NAD+ levels can decrease significantly compared to younger years. This decline affects several cellular processes:

This decline affects your cells in measurable ways:

Reduced cellular energy production

Impaired DNA repair mechanisms

Decreased metabolic efficiency

Altered stress response capabilities

Changes in cellular signaling pathways

The good news is that maintaining healthy NAD+ levels appears to support cellular health and function. Current research suggests that optimizing NAD+ levels may help maintain cellular energy production, support DNA repair processes, and promote overall metabolic health.

What is NMN?

NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) is a naturally occurring molecule that serves as a precursor to NAD+. Inside cells, NMN is converted to NAD+ through a well-documented biochemical pathway called the NAD+ salvage pathway.²

NMN administration has been demonstrated to increase NAD+ levels in both animal models and humans. In a study involving healthy human subjects, oral NMN supplementation significantly increased NAD+ levels in the blood without adverse effects, suggesting its safety and efficacy as a strategy to boost NAD+.³

Why Are Testosterone Levels Declining?

Testosterone naturally wanes as we age, bringing unwelcome changes in body composition, energy levels, and muscle strength.

For many older men, this decline stems from secondary hypogonadism—where the body becomes less responsive to the hormonal signals that trigger testosterone production.⁴

Yet this natural process doesn’t explain the full picture of what we’re seeing today.

Body weight emerges as a critical player in this hormonal puzzle. Research shows a strong inverse relationship between BMI and testosterone levels, independent of other factors.⁵ Put simply, as weight goes up, testosterone tends to go down.

But here’s the catch: even men who maintain a healthy weight still experience some degree of decline, pointing to other influential factors at work.

The rise in metabolic disorders paints another piece of the picture. Conditions like type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome don’t just affect blood sugar—they’re closely tied to lower testosterone levels.⁶ These conditions create a cascade effect, potentially contributing to cardiovascular issues and increased mortality risk.

Perhaps most intriguing is the evidence of a population-wide decline in testosterone levels that can’t be explained by aging alone.⁷ This “secular decline” suggests environmental factors may be silently influencing hormone levels across entire populations. Genetic variations, particularly in estrogen receptor genes, can make some men more susceptible to these environmental influences.⁸

Modern dietary patterns play their part too. Research has revealed that low-fat diets, despite their popularity, may actually work against testosterone production. A comprehensive meta-analysis found significantly lower testosterone levels in men following low-fat diets compared to those consuming more dietary fat.⁹

The impact of sleep deserves special attention. Missing out on deep sleep doesn’t just leave you tired—it disrupts your body’s natural testosterone rhythm. The effect is immediate and measurable: just one night of poor sleep can reduce testosterone levels by up to 15%.¹⁰

Key Takeaway: The story of declining testosterone is more complex than simple aging. While time inevitably leads to lower testosterone production, a perfect storm of modern lifestyle factors and biological mechanisms appears to be accelerating this decline.

NAD+ and Testosterone

Scientists are uncovering the intricate connection between NAD+ and testosterone—a relationship that fundamentally shapes male reproductive health.

A systematic review in the Journal of Men’s Health reveals how declining NAD+ influences both testosterone production and fertility¹¹, positioning NAD+ as a critical factor in reproductive health throughout life.

The connection operates through multiple pathways. NAD+ works with specialized proteins called sirtuins, specifically Sirt1 and Sirt3, that regulate testosterone production in Leydig cells—the cellular factories responsible for male reproduction and sperm development.¹² These sirtuins depend on NAD+ as a cosubstrate, meaning they can’t function properly when NAD+ levels are low.

Research published in Frontiers in Endocrinology also demonstrates that low NAD+ levels affect more than just testosterone. They’re associated with impaired sperm production and decreased spermatogenesis¹³, creating a cascade effect throughout the male reproductive system.

Animal studies provide additional insights. When researchers administered testosterone to rat models, they observed changes in both NAD+ and NADH levels, suggesting a two-way communication between these molecules.¹⁴

Importantly, NADH (NAD+’s reduced form) directly participates in testosterone synthesis¹⁵ from simpler molecules. Without adequate NADH, this production process becomes less efficient.

Key Takeaway: NAD+ appears to be a fundamental molecule in preserving testosterone production and reproductive function over time.

Can NMN Boost Testosterone?

Current research has not confirmed NMN’s ability to increase testosterone levels in humans. However, promising research on NMN and testosterone has emerged in animal studies.

In a study involving Landrace boars, NMN supplementation significantly increased serum testosterone levels.¹⁶ This was accompanied by improvements in sperm quality, such as increased sperm volume, density, and motility, likely through the activation of the SIRT3 signaling pathway, which enhances antioxidation and reduces apoptosis in sperm cells.

Another study on male mice exposed to ionizing radiation found that NMN supplementation helped restore serum testosterone levels that were decreased due to radiation exposure.¹⁷ This suggests that NMN may have protective effects on testicular function and hormone levels under stress conditions.

NMN appears to exert its effects through the SIRT3 signaling pathway, which is involved in reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in cells. In mice, NMN was found to modulate the glycolytic pathway, which is crucial for energy metabolism and may contribute to the restoration of testosterone levels and testicular function after damage.

Now, animal studies don’t always translate perfectly to humans—we’re more complex creatures after all.

But here’s what we do know: NMN helps maintain healthy NAD+ levels in your cells, and this creates an environment where your hormones, including testosterone, can function at their best.

Are NMN Supplements Good for Men’s Health?

The potential health benefits of NMN supplementation have been gaining attention, and it’s no surprise. NMN helps boost NAD+ levels, supporting men’s health through multiple pathways.

When it comes to metabolic health, NMN shows particular promise. Research has revealed its ability to fine-tune insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism – essential factors for maintaining metabolic balance. One notable finding shows that NMN helps moderate post-meal insulin spikes¹⁸,a risk factor linked to coronary artery disease.

The effects of NMN on physical performance paint an interesting picture. Older men participating in clinical studies demonstrated measurable improvements in fundamental strength metrics – from better gait speed to increased grip strength.¹⁹

Even amateur runners showed enhanced oxygen utilization during exercise²⁰, suggesting NMN’s role in supporting athletic performance extends across age groups.

While human studies are still emerging, animal studies have uncovered an intriguing connection between NMN and reproductive health. Scientists have observed NMN’s protective effects against testicular injury and its support of healthy sperm production²¹ – findings that open new avenues for understanding NMN’s full potential in men’s health.

In animal studies, NMN has been shown to ameliorate testicular injury and improve spermatogenic function, suggesting potential reproductive health benefits.²²

Moreover, NMN supplementation is generally well-tolerated among healthy men. Researchers at the University of Tokyo reported that 250mg of daily NMN effectively increased blood NAD+ levels, with no significant adverse effects reported among healthy men.²³

For those ready to explore NMN’s benefits, Jinfiniti offers two premium options. Our Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster combines pure NMN with synergistic ingredients like niacinamide, D-ribose and creatine monohydrate, creating a full spectrum formula for NAD+ optimization.

For purists, our Pure NMN Powder provides a straightforward approach to NAD+ supplementation, allowing for flexible dosing and easy integration into your daily routine.

Remember, as with any supplement regimen, consistency is key. The cellular processes that NMN supports work best when maintained over time, making regular supplementation an important part of your health optimization strategy.

Can NMN Help Treat Erectile Dysfunction?

An image of a matured man happy with his partner

While there’s no direct evidence that NMN treats erectile dysfunction, emerging research on cellular health and male reproductive function suggests intriguing possibilities.

Here’s what we know so far:

Potential benefits for male reproductive health – Studies show that NMN supplementation helped reverse diabetes-related fertility issues in mice²⁴, improving sperm function and reproductive outcomes.

Supports healthy blood flow – NMN has been linked to the reversal of endothelial dysfunction²⁵, a condition that impairs blood vessel function and is associated with ED. Since strong blood flow is critical for erections, this could be significant.

Boosts cellular energy – NMN can boost mitochondrial function²⁶ and ATP production²⁷, which may help improve overall vitality, endurance, and well-being.

Anecdotal reports suggest increased libido – Some men taking NMN have reported feeling more energetic and experiencing a noticeable boost in their sex drive.

While these findings are promising, more human studies are needed to confirm NMN’s direct impact on erectile dysfunction. If you’re struggling with ED, your best first step is to consult your healthcare provider about proven treatment options.

However, given NMN’s benefits for circulation, energy, and cellular health, it may be worth considering as part of a broader wellness strategy.

Test Your NAD+ Levels with Jinfiniti

Want to take the guesswork out of your health optimization journey?

Your cellular NAD+ levels hold a key piece of the puzzle, especially when it comes to hormonal health. Just as you wouldn’t drive cross-country without a map, optimizing your health without measuring NAD+ levels means navigating in the dark.

Our Intracellular NAD® Test provides laboratory-grade precision where it matters most—inside your cells. This isn’t just another blood test; it’s your cellular command center’s status report, offering insights that can shape your entire optimization strategy.

Think of your test results as your personal biochemical blueprint. Armed with this data, you can:

Fine-tune your supplement protocol based on real numbers, not assumptions

Time your interventions for maximum impact

Make informed lifestyle adjustments that support your cellular health

Track your progress with scientific precision

For men focused on maintaining optimal testosterone levels, understanding your NAD+ status isn’t just helpful—it’s essential. After all, cellular energy and hormonal health share deep biological connections that influence everything from muscle recovery to cognitive performance.

Ready to move beyond trial and error? Transform your health optimization journey with precise, actionable data.

GET YOUR NAD+ TEST KIT

Author: Jinfiniti Science

Key Takeaways

Why Consider Taking an NMN Supplement?

Choosing a Quality NMN Supplement: 5 Decisive Factors

Manufacturing and Third-Party Certifications

Add 20+ Healthy Years to Your Life

High Purity Standards

Effective Dosage Ranges

Formulations and Bioavailability

Stability and Shelf-Life Considerations

How to Spot Fake NMN

Does NMN Have Possible Side Effects?

Can You Get NMN Naturally?

Potential Benefits of NMN Supplementation

Takeaway: The Best NMN Supplements in 2025

Referenced Sources

Key Takeaways

What is Boswellia?

4 Health Benefits of Boswellia

May Help Combat Inflammation and Arthritis

Promising Neuroprotective Properties

Could Support Gastrointestinal Health

Potential Anti-Cancer and Immune Modulation Effects

Is Boswellia Safe?

Boswellia Side Effects

How to Take Boswellia

Dosage Considerations

Does Boswellia Help Relieve Inflammation?

FAQs

Does Boswellia Affect Sleep?

Does Boswellia Raise Blood Pressure?

Does Boswellia Help You Lose Weight?

Can Boswellia Repair Joints?

Referenced Sources:

Key Takeaways

What is Creatine?

How Does Creatine Work?

Is Creatine Safe?

Join 50,000+ Health Optimizers

What are the Benefits of Creatine?

What Type of Creatine to Choose

How Much Creatine Should a Beginner Take?

What is the Creatine Loading Phase?

Can Beginners Skip the Loading Phase and Still Benefit?

The Optimal Time to Take Creatine

Should Creatine Be Taken with Food?

Do You Need to Cycle Creatine?

Common Side Effects and How to Avoid Them

How Long Until Beginners Notice Results?

Do You Need to Drink More Water on Creatine?

Are Creatine Supplements Right for You?

FAQs About Creatine

Does creatine cause hair loss?

Does Creatine increase muscle mass?

Is 3 grams per day of creatine too little?

Can I take smaller amounts of creatine?

Does creatine affect sleep?

Will I lose muscle if I stop taking creatine?

How do you know if creatine is affecting the kidneys?

Does creatine interact with caffeine?

Does creatine cause facial bloating?

Referenced Sources

Turmeric (Curcuma Longa)

Ginger (Zingiber Officinale)

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Spp.)

Boswellia (Boswellia Serrata)

Camellia Sinensis (Green & Black Tea)

Cloves (Syzygium Aromaticum)

Saffron (Crocus Sativus)

Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis)

Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum)

Cayenne (Capsicum Annuum)

Sage (Salvia Officinalis)

Parsley (Petroselinum Crispum)

Thyme (Thymus Vulgaris)

Echinacea (Echinacea Purpurea)

Borage (Borago Officinalis)

Nettle (Urtica Dioica)

Cat’s Claw (Uncaria Tomentosa)

Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum Procumbens)