Skip to main content

Author: Jinfiniti Science

nmn and nr

NMN and NR Compared: Better Together or Choose One?

What if the secret to feeling younger and staying healthier lies within your cells?

Meet NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) — a dynamic coenzyme that keeps your body running at its best. From energy production to repairing DNA and maintaining cellular health, NAD+ is a driving force behind a myriad biological processes that impact how you feel and function every day. But as we age, our NAD+ levels decline, leading to slower metabolism, fatigue, and other age-related challenges.

While our cellular fuel tanks deplete as we get older, scientists have identified two key compounds that may help refill it: nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR). These precursor molecules act as building blocks for NAD+, offering a potential solution to age-related NAD+ decline. With mounting evidence supporting their efficacy, NMN and NR are rapidly becoming central figures in the field of longevity research

The scientific community has been working to determine which of these compounds might be more effective at boosting NAD+ levels – and the answer isn’t so straightforward. Each precursor has unique properties and cellular pathways, leading us to explore an intriguing possibility: could combining NMN and NR together offer advantages that neither compound can achieve alone?


In this article, you will learn:

  • The fundamental differences between NMN and NR as NAD+ precursors, including their unique molecular structures and how they’re processed differently in your body’s cells

  • How bioavailability impacts the effectiveness of these supplements, including the complex roles of transporters, enzymes, and gut bacteria in their absorption

  • What clinical research reveals about both compounds’ effectiveness and safety profiles, with data from human trials showing their impacts on NAD+ levels and health outcomes

  • How to make an informed choice between NMN, NR, or a combination approach based on your specific health goals, supported by cellular-level testing to optimize your supplementation strategy

NMN vs NR: Different Precursors, Different Pathways

An image of scientist exploring NMN and NR

NMN and NR are two of the most well-known NAD+ precursors, studied fairly extensively for their ability to increase NAD+ levels, support cellular energy, and promote long-term health. But while they share a common goal, their unique structures and metabolic pathways set them apart in how they influence your body’s health.

NMN is a larger molecule made up of a nicotinamide group attached to a ribose sugar and a phosphate group1. This makes it more complex than NR, which is simply nicotinamide linked to ribose, without the extra phosphate2

This structural difference is critical in how each precursor is absorbed and utilized. For example, NMN can be directly absorbed by cells in some tissues, but in other tissues, it needs to be converted into NR before entering cells. NR, on the other hand, can be directly converted into NMN inside the cell.

The pathways that transform NMN and NR into NAD+ also follow different processes. NMN is primarily synthesized in the cell through a process called the salvage pathway3, where it’s created from nicotinamide with the help of an enzyme called NAMPT. Once inside the cell, NMN is converted to NAD+ through another enzyme, NMNAT. 

In contrast, NR is phosphorylated by NR kinases (NRK1/NRK2) to form NMN,4 which then goes through the same process to become NAD+. Additionally, NR is absorbed by cells through specific transporters or can be metabolized in the gut to nicotinamide, which also contributes to NAD+ production.

Both NMN and NR are highly effective at increasing NAD+ levels, but their structural and metabolic differences can influence absorption efficiency and how quickly they act in the body. NMN’s ability to bypass certain steps may make it more effective in specific tissues, while NR’s smaller size allows for broader cellular uptake.

Choosing the right precursor depends on your health goals and how your body responds to each. Understanding these distinctions can help you tailor your approach to boosting NAD+, supporting cellular repair, and combating the effects of aging.

Key Takeaway: While both NMN and NR effectively boost NAD+ levels, their distinct molecular structures and metabolic pathways (with NMN being larger and containing an extra phosphate group compared to NR) lead to different absorption mechanisms and cellular utilization patterns in the body.

Bioavailability of NR and NMN

An image of a matured woman taking supplement

To truly benefit from NAD+ precursor supplementation, absorption is everything. So here’s the burning question: when it comes to NR versus NMN, which one does your body soak up like a sponge—and which one might just take an express trip to your bladder?

The bioavailability of NR and NMN is more complex than initially understood, and recent research has challenged some earlier assumptions about how these compounds are processed in the body.

Both NR and NMN undergo complex metabolic transformations before contributing to NAD+ synthesis. While earlier theories suggested NR might have superior absorption due to its smaller size5, current evidence paints a more nuanced picture. NR is likely absorbed intact and enters cells via equilibrative nucleoside transporters, where it’s converted to NMN.

Conversely, NMN may be directly transported into cells through a recently identified transporter (SLC12A8) in mice6, though its function in humans isn’t yet fully understood. Often, NMN is dephosphorylated to NR before cellular entry, then reconverted to NMN inside the cell7.

The metabolic pathway involves multiple steps influenced by various factors, including gut bacteria. The microbiome can deamidate NMN to nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NAMN), affecting its overall absorption and utilization8. While both compounds can be converted to nicotinamide (NAM), this isn’t the sole pathway. The process is more intricate than previously thought, involving a complex interplay of enzymes and transporters.

Clinical studies have demonstrated that both NR and NMN supplements can effectively increase NAD+ levels in human tissues, though their impact varies based on factors such as dosage, duration of use, and individual physiological differences.

Key Takeaway: While both NR and NMN can effectively boost NAD levels, their absorption and utilization involve complex, interconnected pathways influenced by multiple factors including transporters, enzymes, and gut bacteria, making a simple comparison of their bioavailability more nuanced than previously thought.

Is NMN or NR More Clinically Effective?

An image of a doctor comparing NMN and NR

Both NMN and NR promise to boost your cellular energy and longevity, but which one delivers better results where it matters most – in clinical studies? Let’s examine the evidence.

Clinical Scorecard for NR

  • Safety Profile in Human Trials: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 1000 mg/day of NR supplementation for six weeks, participants reported no significant adverse events, indicating a favorable safety profile9 (Baur et al., 2019). Another study found that NR was well tolerated at doses up to 3000 mg/day without serious side effects.10

  • NAD+ Elevation Capabilities: Research demonstrates that NR supplementation can significantly elevate NAD+ levels in human subjects. One study reported a ~60% increase in NAD+ concentrations after just six weeks of NR11 supplementation. Another trial showed that a single dose of NR increased NAD+ levels within hours,12 confirming its rapid bioavailability.

  • Beneficial Outcomes: Clinical trials have shown that NR supplementation leads to improved metabolic health markers13, including enhanced insulin sensitivity and reduced blood pressure. Participants in one study exhibited improvements in physical performance, with a notable increase in walking distance during a six-minute walk test after NR supplementation. Another study indicated improvements in lipid profiles and overall cardiovascular health14 following NR intake.

Clinical Scorecard for NMN

  • Safety Profile in Human Trials: NMN has demonstrated a strong safety profile in clinical trials. A study involving 250 mg/day of NMN over 12 weeks reported no significant adverse effects among participants15, indicating it is well tolerated. Another trial with doses up to 900 mg/day also confirmed the absence of serious side effects, further supporting its safety16.

  • NAD+ Elevation Capabilities: NMN supplementation has been shown to effectively elevate NAD+ levels in humans. In one human clinical trial, participants taking NMN experienced significant increases in blood NAD+ concentrations at both day 30 and day 60 of supplementation17. Another study found that NMN doses as low as 300 mg/day could lead to substantial increases in NAD+ levels compared to placebo.18

  • Beneficial Outcomes: Participants in NMN clinical trials have shown improvements in physical performance metrics, such as increased walking distance during exercise tests19. NMN has also been associated with better metabolic health indicators, including reduced arterial stiffness and improved cardiovascular function20.

In sum, both precursor molecules have proven their worth in the clinical arena – they just might suit different individuals based on specific health goals and preferences.

Choosing Between NMN and NR Supplements

An image of NMN and NR supplements

With an understanding of the differences between NMN and NR, we now face a common question: which one should you choose as a dietary supplement?

While both molecules ultimately raise NAD levels, their distinct cellular uptake mechanisms and tissue preferences can lead to varying individual responses. Let’s explore the specific advantages of each approach, comparing NMN with NR, and why some advocate for using both together.

The Case for Nicotinamide Riboside

NR has established itself as a well-researched NAD+ precursor with an impressive track record of human clinical trials supporting its safety and efficacy. As a smaller molecule than NMN, NR may have advantages in terms of cellular uptake in certain tissues, particularly in the brain and nervous system. Its metabolism is well-understood, with specific transporters identified in various cell types, and it has demonstrated promising results in studies focused on cognitive function, muscle performance, and metabolic health.

For those seeking a thoroughly studied option with a clear safety profile and established manufacturing processes, NR represents a compelling choice.

The Case for NMN Supplements

NMN supplements offer potential advantages in certain cellular contexts, particularly in tissues that express specific NMN transporters like the Slc12a8 transporter found in the small intestine. Some researchers believe that because NMN is just one step away from becoming NAD+ (whereas NR requires an additional conversion step), it may provide more direct benefits in certain tissues.

Recent human studies have shown promising results for NMN in areas such as muscle strength, endurance, and cardiovascular health, making it an attractive option for those focused on physical performance and metabolic enhancement.

The Case for Taking Both Together

A combination approach incorporating both NMN and NR may offer the most comprehensive strategy. Different tissues and cells throughout the body may preferentially utilize one precursor over the other, and using both ensures that you’re providing your body with multiple pathways to increase NAD levels. 

While no direct comparative studies exist between the two molecules, the complementary nature of their uptake mechanisms and tissue distribution patterns suggests that a dual approach could maximize the potential benefits across various body systems. This strategy, while potentially more costly, provides a more complete approach that accounts for the body’s complex and varied cellular preferences.

For those interested in tapping into the combined power of multiple NAD precursors, our clinically validated Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster offers a convenient all-in-one solution for improved levels of NAD. This scientifically formulated blend combines precisely dosed NMN and Nicotinamide with bioactive D-Ribose and Creatine to maximize NAD+ production, helping reinvigorate cellular energy production, support healthy aging processes, and optimizing overall vitality.

Vitality NAD+ Booster promotional image

Is NR Better Than NMN for NAD+?

An image of a pharmacist looking at supplements

The debate over whether NR or NMN is the better choice for boosting NAD+ levels doesn’t have a clear-cut answer, and that’s okay. Both compounds offer unique benefits, each helping to raise NAD+ levels and improve metabolic health and cellular function. Rather than comparing them directly, it might be more useful to see them as complementary allies, each playing a part in supporting overall health.

Ultimately, whether you choose NR, NMN, or both, each offers great potential for improving your health and longevity. When used thoughtfully, they can complement each other, enhancing their benefits and helping you reach your wellness goals.

Before You Decide, Why Not Test Your NAD+?

An image of NAD Test

Transform your NAD+ optimization journey with our groundbreaking Intracellular NAD Test. Our test is the only solution that measures NAD+ levels directly within your cells – where it matters most. This insight eliminates the guesswork and reveals your true NAD+ status with unprecedented accuracy.

Your test results provide a precise blueprint for supplementation: If your cellular levels are lower than optimal, NR or combinations might be your ideal starting point for efficiently raising NAD+. For those with healthy baseline levels, NMN could be the perfect choice to maintain and enhance your cellular vitality.

The unmatched precision of our Intracellular NAD Test becomes even more valuable over time. When you establish your baseline and monitor changes, you can fine-tune your supplement routine based on real, cellular-level data – a capability unavailable anywhere else. This pioneering approach ensures your investment in NAD+ supplements delivers targeted, measurable results for your health and longevity goals.

Referenced Sources:

  1. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6359187/ ↩︎
  2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10459282/ ↩︎
  3. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7963035/ ↩︎
  4. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145238/ ↩︎
  5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7352172/ ↩︎
  6. https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-018-0009-4 ↩︎
  7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10917541/ ↩︎
  8. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.10.289561v1.full ↩︎
  9. https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)00320-4 ↩︎
  10. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-43514-6 ↩︎
  11. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10692436/ ↩︎
  12. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9495723/ ↩︎
  13. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7398770/ ↩︎
  14. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916522008103 ↩︎
  15. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9158788/ ↩︎
  16. https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(16)00399-X ↩︎
  17. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11357-022-00449-x ↩︎
  18. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-01360-1 ↩︎
  19. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8265078/ ↩︎
  20. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9170600/#: ↩︎

nad precursors

9 Established NAD+ Precursors You Should Know

NAD+ precursors are the building blocks our bodies use to create nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a molecule vital for cellular health.

While most articles focus on just a handful of these precursors, scientific research has actually identified nine distinct compounds that can boost NAD+ levels in humans. Each follows its own unique pathway through our cellular machinery, from simple vitamin B3 derivatives to more complex molecules like dihydronicotinamide riboside (try saying that five times fast).

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore all nine established NAD+ precursors, examining how each one works and what the latest research reveals about their effectiveness.

Key Takeaways

  • NAD+ is essential for cellular energy, DNA repair, and hundreds of vital functions, but its levels naturally decline with age, making it crucial to understand how to maintain healthy levels throughout life.
  • There are nine distinct NAD+ precursors available to humans, ranging from common vitamin B3 derivatives like niacin to advanced compounds like NR and NMN, each with unique pathways and varying degrees of research support.
  • While all precursors can boost NAD+ levels, their effectiveness varies significantly – compounds like NR and NMN show particularly promising results in clinical studies, with demonstrated benefits for cellular health, muscle function, and aging markers.

What are NAD+ Precursors?

An image of a man inhaling

If you’ve been researching ways to increase your NAD+ levels, you’ve likely encountered talk of “NAD boosters” or NAD precursor supplements in health and longevity discussions. But what exactly are these compounds and how do they work?

NAD+ precursors are specific molecules that your body can convert into NAD+ through various biological pathways1. They can be thought of as raw materials your cells need to manufacture NAD+. While all nine precursors ultimately lead to NAD+ production, they take different routes through your cellular hardware and your body processes each one differently.

These precursors fall into several main categories:

Research has shown that supplementing with these precursors can effectively raise NAD+ levels in various tissues, though their efficiency and effects can vary significantly. Some require multiple conversion steps before becoming NAD+, while others follow a more direct path. This distinction becomes particularly important when choosing an NAD supplement, as it can affect both the compound’s potency and how quickly your body can put it to use.

Join 50,000+ Health Optimizers

Access the same health optimization strategies used by longevity experts. Weekly insights, exclusive products, member pricing.

The 9 Known NAD+ Precursors

Each NAD+ precursor represents a unique pathway to cellular energy production, with its own set of advantages and characteristics. These nine molecules form the complete family of established NAD+ precursors.

Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)

First discovered in milk and later identified as a vitamin B3 analog, NR has become a leading NAD+ precursor in longevity research. It follows the NRK pathway, where it’s phosphorylated by NRK1/2 enzymes to form NMN before conversion to NAD+. This efficient pathway, combined with excellent oral bioavailability and ability to cross cell membranes, has made NR very attractive for NAD+ enhancement.

Key Findings:

  • NR supplementation significantly increased blood NAD+ concentrations in older adults with MCI by approximately 2.6-fold (or 160%) compared to placebo2
  • NR supplements boost NAD+ levels by an impressive 60% in healthy adults, according to rigorous clinical research3
  • NR shows an excellent safety profile with no serious side effects even at high doses of 2000mg daily4
  • Early research suggests NR can reduce key inflammatory markers in heart failure patients5
  • NR supplementation appears to increase muscle-repairing satellite cells in human studies6

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN)

Identified as a key NAD+ intermediate in the 1960s, NMN is the direct precursor to NAD+ in the salvage pathway. While initially thought to require conversion to NR before entering cells, the 2019 discovery of the Slc12a8 transporter revealed a direct cellular uptake mechanism. Just one enzymatic step away from becoming NAD+, NMN has shown remarkable promise in aging research.

Key Findings:

  • NMN supplements are proven safe in humans at doses up to 900mg daily with no serious side effects7
  • Clinical studies consistently show NMN effectively boosts blood NAD+ levels, with higher doses yielding stronger increases8
  • Older adults taking NMN demonstrated measurable improvements in walking distance compared to placebo groups9
  • After 12 weeks of NMN supplementation, elderly men showed meaningful gains in grip strength and walking speed10
  • While placebo groups continued aging normally, NMN-treated groups showed no increase in biological age markers over a study period11

Nicotinic Acid (NA) / Niacin

Discovered in 1937 by Conrad Elvehjem, niacin was the first NAD+ precursor used therapeutically. It follows the Preiss-Handler pathway, requiring three enzymatic steps to become NAD+. This classic pathway remains significant today, though the characteristic “niacin flush” – caused by prostaglandin release – can limit its practical use.

Key Findings:

  • A massive meta-analysis of 119 trials with 35,760 participants showed niacin alone could reduce cardiovascular events12
  • Niacin can slash total cholesterol by 25%, LDL by 15%, triglycerides by 50%, while uniquely boosting good HDL cholesterol by up to 35%13
  • When combined with statins, niacin therapy was proven via MRI to actually reverse arterial plaque buildup14
  • A landmark 15-year study found niacin reduced mortality by 11% in heart attack survivors (p=0.0004)15

Nicotinamide (NAM) / Niacinamide

The most abundant form of vitamin B3 in nature, NAM enters the salvage pathway through conversion to NMN by NAMPT, the rate-limiting enzyme in NAD+ biosynthesis. First isolated in 1935, this flush-free precursor compound is both widely available and well-tolerated.

Key Findings:

  • Taking 500mg nicotinamide twice daily reduced new skin cancer formation by 23% in high-risk patients16
  • Nicotinamide lowered pre-cancerous skin lesions (actinic keratoses) by up to 20% over a 12-month period17
  • Nicotinamide helps repair DNA and preserve skin immunity by preventing UV radiation from depleting cellular energy18
  • In glaucoma patients, nicotinamide combined with pyruvate showed promising improvements in visual field tests19
  • Clinical trials have consistently shown nicotinamide to be safe and well-tolerated, even at high doses20

Tryptophan (Trp)

This essential amino acid was found to contribute to NAD+ production in the early 1950s. Tryptophan follows the de novo pathway, requiring eight enzymatic steps to become NAD+ – the most complex route among all precursors. While not the most efficient path, this discovery highlighted the intricate connection between protein metabolism and NAD+ production.

Key Findings:

  • Higher tryptophan levels appear critical for nutritional interventions to improve mortality rates in vulnerable patients, with nearly 40% better outcomes in high-tryptophan groups21
  • Tryptophan supplementation at 1+ gram doses may improve sleep quality by boosting melatonin production and sleep duration22
  • Higher dietary tryptophan intake significantly reduced depression and anxiety in healthy participants, highlighting its role in mood regulation through serotonin production23
  • Research shows tryptophan supplementation can reduce ADHD symptoms and aggressive behavior in children24
  • Daily intake of ~1 gram tryptophan was linked to a dramatic 60% reduction in migraine risk25

Nicotinic Acid Riboside (NAR)

A lesser-known member of the NAD+ precursor family, Nicotinic Acid Riboside (NAR) follows a distinct metabolic pathway involving nicotinamide riboside kinases (NRK1 and NRK2) before entering the Preiss-Handler pathway. This route to NAD+ production differs from other precursors, suggesting potential unique characteristics. Human studies on NAR remain limited compared to more extensively researched NAD+ precursors like NR and NMN.

Key Findings:

  • NAR released from cells can be taken up and used as an NAD+ precursor by neighboring cells. Even low micromolar concentrations of NAR were sufficient to maintain viability of cells unable to use other NAD+ precursors
  • NAR appears to be a more effective NAD+ precursor than nicotinamide riboside (NR) for maintaining cell viability at low concentrations. About 10 times less NAR was required compared to NR to maintain viability of cells treated with an NAD+ biosynthesis inhibitor26

Dihydronicotinamide Riboside (NRH)

One of the newer additions to the NAD+ precursor lineup, NRH has shown impressive efficiency in preclinical studies. This reduced form of NR appears to bypass certain cellular checkpoints, potentially offering a more direct route to NAD+ production. Research is ongoing to fully understand its potential advantages and safety profile.

Key Findings:

  • NRH is a potent NAD+ booster, increasing cellular NAD+ levels by 2.5-10 fold over control values within just 1 hour of administration27
  • In obese mice, 7 weeks of NRH supplementation dramatically improved metabolism by enhancing pancreatic function, insulin sensitivity, and fat tissue health through elevated NAD+ and sirtuin activation28
  • While promising for metabolism, NRH may have an inflammatory dark side – it can trigger inflammation in immune cells called macrophages through specific cellular pathways29

Reduced Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMNH)

An image of an old woman consulting to doctors.

The most recently identified precursor, NMNH represents a reduced form of NMN that can be directly converted to NADH by NMNAT. This unique pathway, discovered through metabolic studies, potentially offers advantages in NAD+ enhacement, though research is still in early stages.

Key Findings:

  • NMNH effectively raises NAD+ levels up to 7x in cells, showing enhanced potency compared to traditional NMN supplementation30
  • While both compounds boost NADH production, NMNH achieves 2.5x baseline levels in cellular studies with particularly strong tissue penetration31
  • NMNH demonstrates unique metabolic effects and growth regulation properties while maintaining a good safety profile at high doses32

Dihydronicotinic Acid Riboside (NARH)

Discovered alongside other reduced forms of NAD+ precursors, NARH represents another recently identified pathway to NAD+ biosynthesis. This reduced form of NAR enters the Preiss-Handler pathway through a unique mechanism, potentially offering another efficient route to NAD+ production. While research is still emerging, initial studies suggest it may have distinct advantages in certain cellular conditions.

Key Findings:

  • Researchers discovered NARH, a new NAD+ precursor that works in liver cells, expanding our toolkit for boosting cellular metabolism33
  • When combined with NR, NARH creates a powerful synergistic effect that raises NAD+ levels higher than other precursor combinations34

Measure Your NAD+ Levels: From Precursors to Results

Understanding NAD+ precursors is just the first step in optimizing your cellular health. While these compounds offer various pathways to boost NAD+, the key question remains: how do you know if they’re actually working for you?

This is where accurate NAD+ testing becomes essential. The Jinfiniti Intracellular NAD® test measures your actual cellular NAD+ levels, providing precise insights into your current NAD+ status. With a remarkable 3.1% coefficient of variation, this test offers the reliability needed to track changes in your NAD+ levels over time.

Unlike generic wellness metrics, this test measures NAD+ directly within your cells – where it matters most. Each test includes:

  • A detailed personal report explaining your results
  • Clear insights into how your levels compare to optimal ranges
  • Specific recommendations based on your results
  • Access to expert-led webinar with Dr. Jin-Xiong She, our chief scientist

Whether you’re just starting your NAD+ optimization journey or fine-tuning your existing protocol, knowing your actual NAD+ levels provides the feedback loop needed to make informed decisions about supplementation and lifestyle changes.

Ready to move beyond theory to measurement? Take the first step in understanding your cellular health by measuring your NAD+ levels today.

Referenced Sources:

  1. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9316858/ ↩︎
  2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37994989/ ↩︎
  3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03421-7 ↩︎
  4. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03421-7 ↩︎
  5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10361580/ ↩︎
  6. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-49092-5 ↩︎
  7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36482258/ ↩︎
  8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9735188/ ↩︎
  9. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9735188/ ↩︎
  10. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41514-022-00084-z ↩︎
  11. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11357-022-00705-1 ↩︎
  12. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2730481 ↩︎
  13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526107/ ↩︎
  14. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3392597/ ↩︎
  15. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.236315 ↩︎
  16. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1506197 ↩︎
  17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26488693/ ↩︎
  18. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/exd.13819 ↩︎
  19. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/2786482 ↩︎
  20. https://www.skintherapyletter.com/dermatology/nicotinamide-update-niacin/ ↩︎
  21. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1335242/full ↩︎
  22. https://academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/article-abstract/80/2/306/6263432 ↩︎
  23. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4393508/ ↩︎
  24. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4777504/ ↩︎
  25. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31254181/ ↩︎
  26. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4646395/  ↩︎
  27. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6556581/ ↩︎
  28. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.610289v1 ↩︎
  29. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8913500/ ↩︎
  30.  https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.03.366427v2.full ↩︎
  31. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33793246/ ↩︎
  32. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346661550 ↩︎
  33. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/nicotinamide-riboside-and-dihydronicotinic-acid-riboside-synergis ↩︎
  34. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9269339/ ↩︎

Woman holding a turmeric supplement

Choosing a High Quality Turmeric Supplement: Buyer’s Guide

Your turmeric supplement could be a waste of money.

Harsh? Perhaps. But here’s the truth: not all turmeric supplements are created equal. In fact, many popular brands contain such low-quality ingredients that your body can barely absorb them.

For over 4,000 years, turmeric has been revered in traditional medicine. Today, modern science confirms what ancient healers knew all along – this golden spice packs serious health-promoting power.

But here’s the catch.

As turmeric supplements flood the market, consumers face a bewildering array of choices. Confusing labels. Misleading claims. And prices that range from suspiciously cheap to eye-wateringly expensive.

How do you cut through the noise and find a supplement that actually works?


In this curcumin extract buying guide, you’ll discover:

  • The common red flags that leave you with an ineffective or, worse, harmful supplement – and how to avoid them.
  • The four critical factors that separate premium turmeric supplements from worthless pills.
  • The exact combination of ingredients, dosages, and extraction methods that maximize absorption and effectiveness.
  • The most bioavailable turmeric supplement on the market.

Health Benefits of Turmeric and Curcumin

a group of spoons with different spices

Ever wondered why turmeric has a golden color? The same compounds responsible for that vibrant hue also deliver powerful health benefits.

Turmeric root contains a family of active compounds called curcuminoids. The star of the show? Curcumin. This remarkable compound makes up about 2-5% of turmeric and acts as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.

Modern science has extensively studied curcumin’s effects on health. Here’s what the research reveals:

  • Curcumin targets multiple steps in the inflammatory pathway and matches the effectiveness of some anti-inflammatory drugs – without the harsh side effects1.
  • Clinical trials have demonstrated curcumin’s ability to reduce joint tenderness, improve flexibility, decrease inflammatory markers and support cartilage health2.
  • Curcumin can cross the blood-brain barrier, increase BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor)3, support memory and focus, and help maintain cognitive function with age4.
  • Curcumin supports healthy blood pressure5, improves blood vessel function6, and maintains healthy cholesterol levels7.
  • Curcumin neutralizes harmful free radicals, boosts your body’s own antioxidant enzymes and helps protect cells from oxidative stress8.

However, your kitchen turmeric and a high-quality supplement are worlds apart. The powdered turmeric you find on most grocery shelves contains just 2-5% curcumin with poor absorption rates by the body, requiring large amounts for therapeutic effects, making it best suited for adding flavor to food.

What’s more, curcumin is notoriously difficult for your body to absorb. In fact, studies show that plain curcumin gets metabolized and eliminated before it can deliver its benefits.

Hence the importance of choosing turmeric supplements that maximize the absorption of curcumin.

Red Flags When Buying Turmeric Supplements

a woman holding a bottle of medicine

The truth about turmeric supplements lies in the details. Here are the top warning signs to watch for that signal poor quality and potentially misleading products.

The Mystery of “Proprietary Blends”

When you see “proprietary blend” on a label, proceed with caution. Here’s why:

  • Manufacturers don’t disclose individual ingredient amounts
  • You can’t verify if you’re getting therapeutic doses
  • The first ingredient might be present in meaningful amounts, but the rest could be mere sprinkles
  • It’s often a tactic to hide low doses of expensive ingredients

What to Do Instead: Look for supplements that clearly list the amount of each ingredient, especially the curcuminoid content.

Suspiciously Low Prices

That bargain-bin turmeric supplement? It’s probably too good to be true. Quality turmeric supplements are expensive to produce because they require:

  • High-grade raw materials
  • Standardized extraction processes
  • Third-party testing
  • Quality control measures

If a month’s supply costs less than $20, question what corners were cut to achieve that price.

Industry Insight: High-quality turmeric extract with 95% curcuminoids is expensive to produce. When you factor in other active ingredients and production costs, extremely low prices simply don’t add up.

Missing or Vague Standardization Information

Quality supplements proudly display their standardization percentages. Red flags include:

  • No mention of curcuminoid percentage
  • Unclear extract ratios
  • Missing potency information
  • Vague terms like “high-strength” without specifics

What to Look For: Clear statements like “standardized to 95% curcuminoids” or “contains 1000mg of turmeric extract (95% curcuminoids).”

The Filler Trap

Check the “Other Ingredients” section carefully. Avoid supplements loaded with:

  • Artificial colors
  • Chemical preservatives
  • Unnecessary binding agents
  • Cheap bulking agents like maltodextrin
  • Silicon dioxide in large amounts

Best Practice: Look for products with minimal necessary ingredients and vegetable-based capsules.

What to Look For When Choosing a Turmeric Supplement

a woman holding a bottle of pills

Choosing the right curcumin supplement doesn’t have to be complicated. Armed with the right knowledge, you can quickly identify high-quality products that deliver real results.

Here are the three essential factors that separate premium supplements from ineffective ones.

Curcuminoid Content

A high-quality turmeric supplement should contain extract standardized to 95% curcuminoids, with the amount clearly stated on the label. Research shows this concentration provides the most powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits. 

Bioavailability Enhancers

Even the highest-quality curcumin is useless if your body can’t absorb it. That’s why leading supplements include bioavailability enhancers like black pepper extract (standardized to 95% piperine), which can increase absorption by up to 2000%9.

Dosage Considerations

Research indicates that the sweet spot for turmeric supplementation is 1000-1500mg of standardized extract per day, typically divided into 1-2 doses. More isn’t necessarily better – studies show that doses above 2000mg per day don’t provide additional benefits and may increase the risk of mild side effects.

A high-quality turmeric supplement should check all these boxes:

✓ 95% standardized curcuminoid extract

✓ Bioavailability enhancers included

✓ 1000-1500mg daily dose

✓ Clear labeling of all ingredients

The Best Turmeric Supplement: Extra Strength Turmeric+ Formula

a spoon full of pills and powder

After examining countless turmeric supplements on the market, we found most fall short in either potency, absorption, or synergistic support. That’s why we developed our Extra Strength Turmeric+ curcumin supplement, a premium formula that combines clinical-grade turmeric with proven synergistic ingredients.

Each daily serving of Extra Strength Turmeric+ delivers:

Maximum-Strength Turmeric Extract (1000mg)

  • Standardized to 95% curcuminoids
  • Highest purity available
  • Clinically-validated dosage
  • Premium extraction process

Strategic Absorption Enhancement

Black Pepper Extract (30mg, standardized to 95% piperine) ensures maximum bioavailability. Studies show this critical addition can increase curcumin absorption by up to 2000%.

Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Support

Our formula amplifies turmeric’s benefits with a targeted blend of complementary ingredients:

Boswellia Extract (200mg, >65% Boswellic Acid)

  • Works through different inflammatory pathways than curcumin
  • Enhances joint comfort and mobility
  • Provides sustained anti-inflammatory support

Ginger Root Extract (4:1) (200mg, 10% Gingerols)

  • Complements turmeric’s anti-inflammatory effects
  • Supports digestive health
  • Enhances overall absorption

Quercetin (70mg, 95% Purity)

  • Powerful antioxidant support
  • Enhances the effects of other botanicals
  • Supports cellular health

Why Our Formula Works Better

Most turmeric supplements stop at basic ingredients. Extra Strength Turmeric+ takes a different approach:

  1. Multiple Action Pathways: Our ingredients work through different mechanisms, providing comprehensive inflammatory support.
  2. Enhanced Absorption: Each compound is delivered in its most bioavailable form, ensuring maximum uptake.
  3. Optimal Dosing: Every ingredient is included at its clinically-validated dose – no cutting corners.
  4. Quality Assurance: Produced at a GMP-certified manufacturing facility, ensuring quality, safety and consistency.

Turmeric Extract FAQs

a woman holding a pill and a glass of water

What is the Bioavailability of Curcumin?

Raw curcumin has naturally low bioavailability (around 3-8%), meaning only a small portion gets absorbed into your bloodstream when consumed alone.

Does Black Pepper Extract Increase Turmeric Bioavailability?

Piperine, the active compound in black pepper, can enhance curcumin absorption by up to 2000% by inhibiting liver enzymes that would normally break it down.

What Form of Curcumin is Best?

Curcumin formulated with black pepper extract (BioPerine) is considered the most effective form, as it significantly improves absorption compared to standard supplements.

When is the Best Time to Take Curcumin?

For optimal absorption, take curcumin supplements with a meal containing healthy fats, as curcumin is fat-soluble and needs dietary fat to be properly absorbed.

How Does Curcumin Help with Inflammation?

Curcumin works by blocking key inflammatory molecules like NF-kB and COX-2, while also acting as a powerful antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body.


Referenced Sources:

  1. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8572027/ ↩︎
  2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5003001/ ↩︎
  3. https://www.scielo.br/j/babt/a/Dhgcy3dmSjX7wmjyQ34q9Yh/ ↩︎
  4. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/16/2721 ↩︎
  5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9075737/ ↩︎
  6. https://www.dovepress.com/review-of-the-protective-mechanism-of-curcumin-on-cardiovascular-disea-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT ↩︎
  7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5637251/ ↩︎
  8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7694612/ ↩︎
  9. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3918523/ ↩︎

What is NAD+ and its Function in the Body?

What is NAD+ and its Function in the Body?

NAD+ is a universal coenzyme present in all living cells. It’s a signaling molecule that tells cells when to conserve resources, defend against threats, or activate longevity pathways. Your body depends on NAD+ for energy production, DNA repair and countless other processes. 

What started as a simple scientific observation over 100 years ago has evolved into one of the most important metabolites we know for keeping cells healthy and functioning.

In this deep dive, we cover everything you need to know about the cellular guardian known as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.

Key Takeaways

  • NAD+ is a coenzyme involved in hundreds of bodily processes from energy production to DNA repair
  • Your NAD+ levels naturally drop as you age, which can impact everything from energy levels to how well your cells repair damage
  • Exercise, sleep, and certain dietary choices can support your body’s NAD+ production
  • Scientists have found two promising NAD+ precursors that raise cellular NAD+ levels when taken as supplements
  • While lifestyle changes help, research suggests that supplementation may be necessary to maintain optimal NAD+ levels as we age, especially after 40

Why Does Your Body Need NAD+?

Your body needs NAD+ for a wide range of biological activities that include powering your cells, protecting your DNA, and regulating your genes.

At its most basic level, NAD+ helps convert the carbohydrates, fats, and proteins from your diet into cellular energy through a complex series of metabolic reactions in your mitochondria1—often referred to as the “powerhouses” of the cell.

But energy production is just the beginning of NAD+’s critical functions. It’s an essential cofactor for sirtuins, a family of proteins that regulate gene expression, metabolism, and cellular stress responses.

When your DNA gets damaged from everyday stresses like UV radiation or environmental toxins, NAD+ supports repair enzymes called PARPs (poly ADP-ribose polymerases) that help maintain genomic stability2. Without enough NAD+, these repair mechanisms can’t function properly and this leads to cellular damage over time.

Your circadian rhythm, the body’s internal clock that governs sleep, hormone production, and metabolism, relies heavily on NAD+3. Levels of this molecule naturally fluctuate throughout the day, helping to synchronize various biological processes with your daily cycle. 

NAD+ is also important for maintaining your body’s metabolic flexibility, the ability to switch between using carbohydrates and fats for fuel4. This is crucial for managing blood sugar levels, supporting exercise performance, and maintaining a healthy body weight. 

“NAD+ is the closest we’ve gotten to a fountain of youth. It’s one of the most important molecules for life to exist”
– Dr. David Sinclair, Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School
Source: TIME interview (2018)

The Origin Story of NAD+

The story of NAD+ begins like many great scientific discoveries – with curious researchers and unexpected findings.

In 1906, scientists Arthur Harden and William John Young were studying how yeast makes alcohol when they noticed something peculiar: a mysterious heat-resistant molecule that supercharged fermentation. 

This molecule would later be identified as NAD+. By the 1930s, scientists Hans von Euler-Chelpin and Otto Warburg had begun unraveling its structure and function, revealing NAD+’s role in cellular energy production.

The next major breakthrough came when researchers Jack Preiss and Philip Handler mapped how the body creates NAD+ from vitamin B3. Their work explained why niacin deficiency caused pellagra, a disease that had puzzled doctors for centuries.

But the most exciting chapter in NAD+’s story opened in 2000, when researchers in Leonard Guarente’s lab made a new discovery: NAD+ wasn’t just an energy molecule – it was a central player in longevity through its interaction with sirtuins.

This finding shifted NAD+ from a supporting character to a starring role in aging research. Today, as we grapple with questions about healthy aging, that century-old discovery continues to unlock new possibilities in the study of cellular health.

Infographic showing what is NAD and its function in the body

How NAD+ Works Inside Your Cells

NAD+ works by a precise chemical process of accepting and donating electrons. Inside your cells it exists in two main forms: NAD+ (oxidized) and NADH (reduced), switching between them as it generates energy.

This electron transfer process is crucial in the mitochondria’s electron transport chain. Here, NADH delivers its electrons to special protein complexes, triggering a chain reaction that produces ATP. This molecular process explains why NAD+ is needed to turn nutrients into usable cellular energy.

Beyond this primary function, NAD+’s molecular structure makes it a perfect “sensor” for cellular health. When NAD+ binds to sirtuins, it changes the shape of these proteins, which then activates them. This structural change allows sirtuins to “talk” to their target proteins, initiate cellular repair and gene regulation.

The cellular demand for NAD+ follows a hierarchy. When DNA damage occurs, PARP enzymes quickly consume available NAD+ for repair work, leaving less for energy production and other functions.

This prioritization system is why NAD+ depletion can have widespread effects on cellular health – when levels are low, cells have to choose between functions and compromise performance across multiple systems.

Vitality NAD+ Booster promotional image

The Link Between NAD+ and Aging

NAD+ levels drop by about 50% by middle age. A protein called CD38 becomes more active with age, using up more NAD+, and a protein (NAMPT) that helps make NAD+ becomes less efficient5. This decline is associated with hallmarks of aging: mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and cellular senescence6.

Studies on mice have shown that boosting NAD+ can reverse some signs of aging – improve energy metabolism, make muscles work better and increase lifespan. Scientists have found that people who don’t have enough NAD+ can develop serious health problems, including brain disorders, heart disease, and insulin resistance7.

When NAD+ levels fall with age, sirtuins can’t effectively regulate key proteins involved in stress response and energy production. SIRT1, one of our key sirtuins, loses its ability to keep our body’s internal clock ticking smoothly, which impacts sleep quality and metabolic health.

Meanwhile, when PARPs spring into action to fix DNA damage, their repair work drains even more NAD+8. It’s a bit like firefighters using up the city’s water supply while trying to put out spreading flames – the process of fixing one problem creates another.

Can You Boost NAD+ Naturally?

Your body’s NAD+ levels can be supported through several natural approaches.

Exercise, particularly high-intensity interval training (HIIT), stimulates NAMPT9, your body’s key NAD+-producing enzyme. Fasting or calorie restriction also triggers NAD+ production – even time-restricted eating, where you consume food within an 8-10 hour window, can help.

Your diet matters too. Foods rich in NAD+ precursors include grass-fed beef, fish, mushrooms, green vegetables, and fermented foods. Some B-vitamin rich foods, especially those containing niacin (B3), directly support NAD+ production.

Getting quality sleep and managing stress helps preserve your NAD+ stores, as chronic stress and poor sleep can deplete NAD+. Heat exposure through saunas may also boost NAD+ levels by activating cellular stress response pathways10.

By middle age, even the healthiest lifestyle may not be enough to fully counteract low levels of NAD. That’s why researchers are still studying additional ways to support cellular NAD+ levels as we age.

Supplementation and Therapies: Do They Really Work?

Your body has a system to turn certain molecules into NAD+. Think of it like having the right key for a lock – some compounds fit perfectly, others can’t get in the door. This is why not all NAD+ boosters work equally well.

Scientists have zeroed in on two effective compounds: NMN and NR, short for nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide riboside.

These small molecules are direct precursors to NAD+ that work through your body’s natural pathways. Recent studies paint an impressive picture of how well they work.

Our intestines have a special transporter encoded by the Slc12a8 gene that helps NMN get into our cells.11 A clinical trial published in Frontiers in Nutrition backs this up – healthy volunteers taking NMN for 12 weeks showed significant increases in their blood NAD+ levels compared to placebo, with no concerning side effects12.

NR appears to be equally effective. Studies in humans show that NR can boost blood NAD+ levels up to 2.7 times after just one dose13. NR was more effective than nicotinic acid in this regard. Research has also shown that NR can boost NAD+ in the brain after a short period of supplementation14.

What about the NAD+ IV therapy trend? Despite popularity in wellness clinics, it faces a basic biological challenge. The NAD+ molecule itself is too large to easily enter cells, making it less effective than its smaller precursor compounds.

The science is pretty clear that oral supplementation with NMN or NR is the most practical evidence-backed approach to raising NAD+. These molecules work in harmony with your body’s natural processes, supporting rather than forcing cellular NAD+ production.

This understanding of NAD+ biology is what guided the development of Jinfiniti’s Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster Powder.

Beyond pure NMN, this formula includes synergistic compounds like D-ribose and creatine monohydrate that support your body’s energy production systems. Niacinamide provides an additional NAD+ precursor, optimizing your cellular NAD+ levels through multiple pathways. 

But what really sets this apart is the ability to measure your results. With our Intracellular NAD® Test, you can track your actual cellular NAD+ levels and adjust your supplementation based on real data rather than guesswork.

The Debate Around NAD+: Hype or Hope?

Scientists rarely agree on everything, but the buzz around NAD+ has sparked particularly lively debates in research circles. While some herald it as a key to healthier aging, others urge caution about overstated claims.

The evidence supporting NAD+’s fundamental role in cellular health stands on solid ground. Hundreds of peer-reviewed studies confirm its essential functions in energy production, DNA repair, and cellular stress response. However, researchers emphasize that results vary among individuals, and more long-term studies are needed.

While we know NAD+ levels decline with age, scientists still question whether this drop directly causes aging or simply accompanies it. It’s the classic chicken-or-egg puzzle of biology.

For those following the science, NAD+ represents genuine hope grounded in real biology. The key lies in maintaining reasonable expectations while appreciating the complexity of how our cells age and function.

Frequently Asked Questions About NAD+

What happens when NAD+ is too high?

Excessive NAD+ levels can trigger increased inflammation and oxidative stress in some cases. Your body typically maintains tight control over NAD+ levels, but supplementing beyond what your cells can effectively use may lead to imbalanced energy metabolism and cellular stress responses.

Can you take too much NAD+?

While NAD+ precursor supplements are generally well-tolerated, excessive doses may cause mild side effects like flushing, headaches, or gastrointestinal discomfort. The key is finding your optimal dose through testing and gradual adjustment rather than assuming more is better.

How long does it take to see results from NAD+ supplementation?

Results vary by individual. Some report increased energy and mental clarity within 2-4 weeks, while other benefits like improved sleep quality may take 8-12 weeks. Regular NAD+ testing provides the most reliable way to track your progress, as subjective feelings don’t always reflect cellular changes.

Does taking NAD+ precursors affect sleep or circadian rhythm?

Studies show that healthy NAD+ levels can improve sleep quality by supporting your body’s circadian rhythms. Morning supplementation typically works best as it aligns with your body’s natural NAD+ production cycle. For optimal results, take your supplements before noon to support your natural sleep-wake patterns.

How do common medications interact with NAD+ metabolism?

Several medications can influence NAD+ metabolism, including metformin, blood pressure medications, statins, and some antidepressants. Always consult your healthcare provider about potential interactions, especially if you’re on regular medications.

Can lifestyle factors deplete NAD+ faster than normal?

Yes. Chronic stress, excessive alcohol, UV radiation exposure, environmental toxins, and irregular sleep patterns can accelerate NAD+ depletion beyond normal aging. This makes healthy lifestyle choices important when optimizing NAD+ levels through supplementation.

Are there differences in NAD+ needs between men and women?

Research indicates sex-specific differences in NAD+ metabolism, with women showing different patterns of age-related decline compared to men. Hormonal changes during pregnancy and menopause can also affect NAD+ requirements, though more research is needed in this area.

Referenced Sources

  1. https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(15)00266-1 ↩︎
  2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6740200/ ↩︎
  3. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1285776/full ↩︎
  4. https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/162/3/bqab006/6089118 ↩︎
  5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512238/ ↩︎
  6. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7963035/ ↩︎
  7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8261484/ ↩︎
  8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-020-00311-7 ↩︎
  9. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9154743/ ↩︎
  10. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7752291/ ↩︎
  11. https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-018-0009-4 ↩︎
  12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35479740/ ↩︎
  13. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12948 ↩︎
  14. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mrm.30227 ↩︎
Aging woman with declining NAD levels

NAD Levels by Age Group: What’s Considered Normal?

Your body is a vast metropolis, with billions of cells working around the clock to keep you alive and thriving. At the heart of this cellular city lies NAD+ ( short for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) – the power currency that keeps your cellular economy from entering a recession. 

Just as a city needs electricity to function, every cell in your body needs NAD+ to convert food into energy, repair damaged DNA, and regulate your biological clock. This coenzyme helps your cells perform over 500 different biochemical reactions, making it one of the most important players in healthy aging and overall wellness.

Unfortunately, our bodies’ levels of NAD naturally decline as we age, dropping by up to 50% between our 20s and 80s. This decline is linked to many of the telltale signs of aging, from decreased energy levels to slower recovery after exercise. Understanding what’s “normal” for NAD+ levels at different ages can help us better grasp why we feel the way we do as time passes, and potentially, what we can do about it.


In this article, you’ll discover:

  • How NAD+ acts as your cells’ power currency, orchestrating over 500 vital biological processes that keep you healthy and energized

  • The natural timeline of NAD+ decline through aging, from peak levels in your 20s to significant decreases by age 50

  • Why men and women experience different patterns of NAD+ decline, and how hormones play a role

  • Science-backed strategies for maintaining optimal NAD+ levels, including why lifestyle changes alone aren’t enough to counter age-related decline

NAD+ and Aging

Middle-aged couple holding hands by the lake

Your body’s NAD+ levels follow a predictable pattern throughout life – and unfortunately, it’s a downward trend. Research shows that NAD+ levels peak during our early 20s and then begin a steady decline, with most people experiencing a 40-50% drop by age 50. But why does this happen? The answer lies in a perfect storm of biological events.

As we age, certain enzymes, particularly PARPs and CD38, become increasingly active and hungry for NAD+1. PARPs ramp up their activity to repair age-related DNA damage, while CD38 levels rise as part of our body’s inflammatory response to aging. It’s like having more bills to pay but with the same paycheck – something has to give.

At the same time, our body’s ability to produce new NAD+ takes a hit. The molecular building blocks (or precursors) that we use to make NAD+ become less available, and the cellular machinery (biosynthetic enzymes) that assembles these pieces slows down2. It’s similar to a factory facing both parts shortages and aging equipment – production inevitably drops.

This decline in NAD+ levels has real consequences for how we age. When cells can’t maintain healthy NAD+ levels, their energy production falters, DNA repair slows down, and cellular stress responses become sluggish. These changes contribute to many hallmarks of aging, from decreased muscle strength and slower wound healing to increased susceptibility to age-related diseases like cardiovascular problems and neurodegenerative conditions.

Add 20+ Healthy Years to Your Life

Access the same health optimization strategies used by longevity experts. Weekly insights, exclusive products, member pricing.

The Timeline of NAD+ Decline

Visual gif chart of NAD+ levels decline by age group

Infancy & Childhood (0-12 years)

  • NAD+ levels are naturally high and stable
  • Peak production supports rapid growth and development

Adolescence & Young Adulthood (13-30 years)

  • Levels reach their lifetime peak in early 20s
  • Optimal cellular energy and repair functions
  • Gradual decline begins around age 25

Middle Age (31-60 years)

  • Sharp decline begins
  • Most dramatic drop occurs between 40-49 years3
  • Average person loses 40-50% of young adult levels by age 50

Senior Years (60+ years)

  • Levels can drop to 1-10% of youthful amounts
  • By age 80, typical levels are less than half those at age 40
  • Continued gradual decline without intervention

What are Normal NAD Levels by Age Group?

Inside our cells, NAD concentrations can range from as low as 10 μM to as high as 1000 μM4. To put this in perspective, imagine filling a drop of water with different amounts of NAD – some cells maintain just a trace amount, while others keep a abundant supply, depending on their specific energy needs. When measured in tissue samples, researchers have found total NAD concentrations between 0.3 and 0.4 μmol/g.

Based on Dr. Jin-Xiong She’s clinical research, we now have clear benchmarks for interpreting intracellular NAD levels:

  • Severely deficient: 0-20μM
  • Deficient: 20-30μM
  • Suboptimal: 30-40μM
  • Optimal: 40-100μM
  • Too high: Above 100μM (may not provide additional benefits and could potentially be harmful)

These optimal ranges of 40-100μM are the sweet spot where NAD-dependent enzymes, including sirtuins and PARPs, can function most effectively.

Measuring Your NAD Levels

Clinical evidence suggests that suboptimal NAD levels may contribute to various health challenges – from chronic fatigue and sleep disturbances to cognitive decline and metabolic disorders.

Modern methods like Jinfiniti’s Intracellular NAD Test now allow for precise measurement of cellular NAD concentrations through convenient at-home collection, enabling individuals to assess their personal NAD status and work to optimize their levels and address NAD deficiency symptoms through targeted interventions.

Intracellular NAD Test promotional image

The Gender Gap in Age-Specific NAD+ Levels

Studies have consistently shown that men tend to have higher baseline levels of whole blood NAD+ compared to women. In one large-scale study of over 1,500 participants, the average NAD+ level in men was 34.5 μmol/L, while women averaged 31.3 μmol/L5.

However, the way NAD+ levels change with age differs significantly between the sexes:

  • In men, NAD+ levels tend to decline gradually with age, with a more pronounced drop observed after age 60
  • Women, on the other hand, show a more complex pattern. Their NAD+ levels fluctuate across age groups without a clear downward trend

The distinct NAD+ profiles between men and women suggest that hormones play a role in regulating NAD+ metabolism. Researchers speculate that female sex hormones, particularly estrogen, may help maintain NAD+ levels throughout a woman’s life. This hypothesis is supported by observations in post-menopausal women, whose NAD+ patterns begin to resemble those of men.

The gender gap in NAD+ levels and their age-related changes may have far-reaching implications for how men and women age:

  1. Higher NAD+ levels in men might provide them with a metabolic advantage in youth, but the steeper decline with age could contribute to accelerated aging in some aspects.
  2. The more stable NAD+ levels in women could potentially offer some protection against certain age-related diseases, though more research is needed to confirm this.
  3. The effectiveness of NAD+ boosting supplements or therapies may differ between men and women, necessitating gender-specific approaches to anti-aging treatments6.
Older couple on bench staring into the mountains

Strategies for Increasing NAD+ Levels as You Age

While many people seek to naturally increase NAD levels through lifestyle modifications like exercise, intermittent fasting, and consuming NAD-rich foods, research shows these methods alone can’t fully counter age-related NAD+ decline. It’s like trying to fill a leaking bucket – as we age, our cells’ increasing demand for NAD+ outpaces what we can restore through lifestyle changes alone.

A more comprehensive approach involves strategic supplementation with NAD boosters that target the root cause of age-related NAD+ decline. The key lies in providing your body with the right precursors in the right combinations to optimize NAD+ production at the cellular level.

Recent clinical research has revealed that a synergistic approach yields better results than single-compound solutions. This breakthrough understanding led to the development of Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster, Jinfiniti’s scientifically formulated combination of NMN, Creatine monohydrate, D-Ribose, and Nicotinamide. Each component plays a crucial role:

  • NMN serves as a direct NAD+ precursor
  • Creatine monohydrate supports energy metabolism
  • D-Ribose enhances cellular energy production
  • Nicotinamide helps regulate NAD+ consumption

What sets this formulation apart is its extensive validation – from clinical studies to real-world testing in hundreds of clinics. The data speaks for itself: approximately 85% of users achieve optimized NAD+ levels, as confirmed through clinical testing. This high success rate demonstrates that while aging’s effects on NAD+ levels are inevitable, they’re not irreversible.

Vitality NAD+ Booster promotional image

Think of maintaining healthy NAD+ levels as a long-term investment in your cellular health. While lifestyle factors provide the foundation, targeted supplementation with clinically validated NAD boosters offers the most reliable way to maintain optimal NAD+ levels as you age. The key is choosing a solution backed by both scientific research and real-world results.

Referenced Sources

  1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004763742100141X ↩︎
  2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5795269/ ↩︎
  3. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8979162/ ↩︎
  4. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6482912/ ↩︎
  5. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.829658/full ↩︎
  6. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acel.13965 ↩︎
nad for weight loss nad for weight loss

Can NAD Supplements Help You Lose Weight?

Losing weight can feel like an uphill battle, especially when you’re dealing with stubborn fat, a sluggish metabolism, and constant fatigue. If you’ve tried everything from restrictive diets to intense exercise regimens, yet still struggle to shed those extra pounds, the solution may lie in a vital compound called NAD+.

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a coenzyme that plays a crucial role in cellular energy production, fueling a wide range of bodily functions, including metabolism. However, as we age, our natural NAD+ levels begin to decline, which can impact our ability to lose weight and maintain a healthy physique.

Fortunately, growing research suggests that supplementing with NAD+ precursors may hold the key to revitalizing your weight loss efforts. By boosting your NAD+ levels, you can potentially experience increased energy, enhanced fat-burning capabilities, and a faster, more efficient metabolism – all of which can contribute to successful and sustainable weight management.

So, can NAD supplements help you achieve your weight loss goals?


In this article, you’ll discover:

  • How NAD+ can help speed up your metabolism and burn fat more effectively.
  • The weight loss roadblocks NAD+ can help you break through for lasting results. 
  • How NAD+ supplements can make managing your weight and metabolism easier and more sustainable.

NAD+ and Metabolic Function

a man with a measuring tape measuring his waist

NAD+ is a crucial molecule that powers our cells’ energy production. As a coenzyme, it supports several metabolic processes, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation1.

During glycolysis, NAD+ helps convert glucose (a type of sugar) into pyruvate, releasing energy in the process2. This pyruvate then enters the next stages of energy production, where NAD+ helps extract even more energy from it.

For glycolysis to keep functioning, NADH (the reduced form of NAD+) must convert back into NAD+. This recycling ensures the process continues without a buildup of substances, supporting consistent energy production for all cellular activities, including metabolism.

In the citric acid cycle, NAD+ helps break down nutrients to produce high-energy electron carriers3. As nutrients are processed, NAD+ collects these high-energy electrons, which act like power boosts for our cells.

These electrons are then sent to the electron transport chain during oxidative phosphorylation, where their energy is used to produce ATP, the main energy currency of our body. This process is crucial for boosting metabolism and burning fat to manage weight effectively.

However, as we age, our bodies naturally see a decline in NAD+ levels. A 2022 study published in the journal Experimental Gerontology found that these levels can decrease by more than 50% from young adulthood to older ages4.

This decrease is alarming because low NAD levels can signal an energy deficiency5, making it harder for cells to metabolize nutrients effectively. Maintaining the right balance of NAD+ is crucial for optimal metabolic function and supporting healthy weight management.

With less NAD+, our energy production slows down, making it harder to burn calories efficiently. This slowdown can lead to weight gain or difficulty losing weight, contributing to those frustrating plateaus many experience in their fitness journeys.

NAD+ is also involved in regulating sirtuins6, enzymes that help manage fat metabolism and insulin sensitivity. As NAD+ levels fall, sirtuin activity can decrease, further hampering the body’s ability to regulate weight.

Moreover, NAD+ helps regulate autophagy, the process by which the body cleans out damaged cells. As we age, autophagy slows down7, and since NAD+ is needed for this to happen, lower levels can lead to a buildup of damaged cells. This accumulation can mess with your metabolism and contribute to weight gain.

NAD+ and Fat Tissues

a man wearing large pants

NAD+ actively supports the functions of our fat tissues, specifically in white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), which together enhance energy balance and optimize metabolic health.

WAT acts as an endocrine organ that secretes hormones like leptin, which regulate appetite and metabolism8. NAD+ influences the production and function of this hormone. For example, adequate NAD+ levels may improve leptin receptor sensitivity, which helps regulate appetite and reduce overeating.

Normal NAD+ levels are also necessary for the cells in WAT to respond well to insulin9, allowing glucose to be used for energy instead of being stored as fat. Low NAD+ levels can impair this process, contributing to insulin resistance and excess fat storage.

On the other hand, brown adipose tissue (BAT) contains a high concentration of mitochondria and burns energy to produce heat through thermogenesis10. This process is regulated by the protein UCP1 (uncoupling protein 1), which releases energy as heat instead of storing it.

NAD+ fuels BAT’s high metabolic rate and promotes the breakdown of stored fat for heat production. Activating BAT through NAD+ boosts thermogenesis, increasing overall energy expenditure11, which can help with body weight management. 

Another important role of NAD+ in fat tissues is its involvement in the “browning” of white fat. NAD+ helps trigger this transformation, where white fat cells convert into a more metabolically active form, similar to brown fat cells. As a result, these browned fat cells gain a higher mitochondrial density and can burn fat for energy.

A study published in Redox Biology shows that browning boosts fat’s metabolic activity12, turning WAT from a passive storage site into an active fat-burning depot. This process can potentially reduce fat accumulation, especially in areas prone to stubborn fat storage.

The Science Behind NAD+ and Weight Loss

a plate of pills and a measuring tape

NAD+ is vital for cellular energy production. It helps convert glucose and fatty acids into usable energy within the mitochondria13, the powerhouses of cells. This energy drives everything from muscle function to body temperature regulation, making efficient energy conversion essential for managing weight.

The body’s metabolic flexibility, or the ability switch between burning fats and carbohydrates for fuel, is improved by NAD+, which supports energy conversion and activates metabolic enzymes.

While NAD+ helps support metabolic processes and energy expenditure, optimal levels are linked to healthier body composition14. Higher NAD+ levels are associated with better preservation of lean muscle mass, while low levels can contribute to fat accumulation.

Through its effects on cellular health and metabolic rate, NAD+ can help maintain a favorable balance between muscle and fat in the body, leading to a leaner physique over time.

Indeed, research shows that NAD+ may support weight management and improved body composition15. Healthy NAD+ levels also boost mitochondrial function and fat metabolism, which may contribute to weight management and metabolic health in the long run.

NAD+ also affects adiponectin, a hormone produced by fat cells that regulates glucose levels and breaks down fatty acids. Optimal NAD+ levels support adiponectin production16, which in turn improves insulin sensitivity and reduces inflammation.

This can help the body manage blood sugar better and reduce fat storage, both key factors in healthy weight management. So, while NAD+ itself might not directly burn fat, its role in reducing inflammation and supporting metabolic processes indirectly supports weight control and helps prevent metabolic dysfunctions that often accompany obesity.

Clinical Research on NAD for Weight Loss

a man and woman in lab coats looking at a test tube

Emerging research shows how NAD+ promotes weight loss and fat metabolism. While NAD+ has long been known as crucial for energy production, new studies reveal its potential to enhance the body’s ability to burn fat.

A study published in Frontiers in Nutrition involving 5,144 participants found that taking NAD+ precursors can lower Body Mass Index (BMI) and increase adiponectin levels.17 Specifically, people who took NAD+ supplements experienced a small yet significant reduction in BMI. 

Another study published in the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry looked at how nicotinamide (NAM) affects obesity in mice. The researchers found that NAM supplementation reduced fat mass and improved glucose tolerance18. It also increased mitochondrial proteins in fat tissue, suggesting that NAM boosts mitochondrial function, which is important for burning fat. 

Moreover, NAM raised NAD+ levels by over 30% and enhanced glutathione production, supporting better metabolic function and easier weight management. Overall, NAM seems to reprogram how fat cells work to fight obesity-related issues.

Another study also found that NAD+ precursors can help with weight loss by improving insulin sensitivity and enhancing metabolic function. By boosting NAD levels, these precursors may help regulate energy expenditure and fat metabolism, making it easier for the body to burn fat.19 

Overall, optimized NAD can help support better metabolic health and weight management and reduce obesity-related complications.

NAD+ Precursors and Their Weight Loss Effects

a woman in green shirts

Of all the known NAD boosters, two of the most well-known are nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN).

A 2021 study found that NR supplementation was associated with reduced weight gain and preservation of muscle mass. NR also aided in weight reduction and increased lean mass relative to body fat. In rats on calorie restriction, NR reduced inflammation in the hypothalamus20, a brain region important for weight control.

These findings suggest that NR, especially when combined with calorie restriction, could aid in weight management by promoting fat loss without sacrificing muscle, as well as by reducing certain inflammatory markers.

NMN, another direct precursor of NAD+, also shows promising effects on body composition and metabolism. A study published in the IUBMB Life journal demonstrated that NMN helped reduce fat mass, preserved lean muscle, and improved glucose tolerance21.

The researchers also found that NMN lowers blood lipid levels and reduces liver fat, mitigating inflammation in fat tissue and addressing fatty liver issues often seen with obesity. NMN appears to support a shift toward a healthier body profile.

On top of that, NMN’s ability to reduce fat tissue inflammation, improve insulin sensitivity, and boost insulin secretion could make it a helpful tool for balancing blood sugar and supporting a leaner body—both important for managing weight and metabolic health.

While NR and NMN are among the most studied NAD+ precursors, two other forms of vitamin B3, niacin and nicotinamide, also contribute to NAD+ production and deliver their own unique benefits to help with weight management and overall metabolic function.

Niacin assists in the body’s fat and sugar processing, supporting cellular health, which is essential for weight control. At higher doses, niacin can also improve blood triglyceride levels, helping prevent fat accumulation and promoting a balanced body composition.

In fact, a study published in Cell Metabolism found that niacin effectively boosts NAD+ levels in adults. At doses up to 1,000 mg daily, blood NAD+ levels increased up to eightfold, and participants experienced a significant liver fat reduction of up to 50%.22

Nicotinamide, on the other hand, shows promise in metabolic function improvement through reducing fat mass and increasing lean muscle. In 2021, a study found that Nicotinamide improved weight management in mice23. When given to them, Nicotinamide increased how much energy they burned and changed their body fat composition. The mice ended up with more brown and beige fat, which is good for burning calories. 

In addition to well-known NAD+ precursors, D-ribose is another supplement worth trying. This naturally occurring sugar doesn’t directly increase NAD+ levels like the others, but it helps the body produce ATP, which in turn supports NAD+ production. This makes D-ribose another useful tool for boosting energy and metabolism.

At the end of the day, taking a holistic approach when using NAD precursors to improve metabolic function for weight loss is key to maximizing results. Jinfiniti’s Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster exemplifies this by combining four synergistic ingredients: NMN, Creatine monohydrate, D-ribose, and nicotinamide. 

This unique formulation supports cellular metabolism and energy to help your body lose weight efficiently. This clinically validated formulation ensures you’re not just supplementing but revitalizing your entire well-being by increasing NAD at the cellular level.

Vitality NAD+ Booster promotional image

Does NAD IV Therapy Work for Weight Loss?

a woman measuring her waist with a measuring tape

NAD IV therapy has become a buzzword for those seeking weight loss, but it’s important to manage expectations. While NAD therapy boosts extracellular NAD levels, which can help with energy and metabolism, it shouldn’t be the sole strategy for shedding pounds.

When considering NAD supplements versus IV therapy, it’s important to understand their differences. NAD precursor supplements are easy to take regularly and support long-term cellular health, offering a gradual boost to NAD+ levels and metabolism over time. This makes them a good choice for steady, ongoing weight management.

In contrast, NAD IV treatment provides a higher, more immediate dose of NAD+, delivering quicker effects. While it can temporarily increase energy levels and metabolism, the impact on long-term fat loss or significant weight reduction may be limited without accompanying lifestyle changes.

Moreover, NAD IV therapy can be costly, and some people experience side effects like headaches, nausea, or dizziness. These effects are generally temporary but it’s important to be aware of them before undergoing treatment. 

So, if you’re considering NAD injections for weight loss, it’s important to remember that it should be part of a broader strategy that includes a balanced diet and regular exercise. Ultimately, the choice depends on your personal health goals and budget.

Potential Side Effects of NAD Supplementation

a woman holding a glass of water and a glass of water

Current evidence points to NAD+ supplements being generally safe and well-tolerated, with some important caveats: long-term effects of high doses aren’t fully understood yet, and the supplement market’s limited regulation poses inherent risks.

Variable product quality and potential impurities remain ongoing concerns, making it important to opt for manufacturers that demonstrate their commitment to quality through independent testing.

How to Increase NAD Levels for Weight Loss

a woman smiling and holding a sandwich

Increasing your NAD levels is a powerful way to support metabolism and make weight management easier, and there are a few simple steps to get started.

First up: diet. Choosing niacin-rich foods like vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can give your body the building blocks it needs to produce more NAD+. Even adding fermented foods, like kimchi and sauerkraut, can help out with a small NAD+ boost while benefiting gut health.

Next, staying active is key. Exercise—especially high-intensity and endurance workouts—naturally supports NAD production in your cells. Whether it’s a brisk walk, a run, or a strength session, regular movement keeps your energy high and your metabolism on point.

Making small lifestyle tweaks also goes a long way. Practicing intermittent fasting or occasional calorie restriction can jumpstart autophagy, clearing out old cells and ramping up NAD production. And managing stress through meditation or yoga can help prevent oxidative stress, allowing your NAD levels to stay stable.

For added support, consider NAD-boosting supplements that contain clinically proven precursors such as Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster. These can help optimize your NAD+ levels, supporting your journey toward achieving your ideal weight and physique.

If you’re experiencing symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, or difficulty shedding pounds, it could be a sign of NAD deficiency. Taking an Intracellular NAD Test can help you assess your baseline levels, giving you a clearer picture before starting any interventions. 

With regular testing, you can fine-tune your supplementation and track whether your current dosage or supplement is effectively supporting your weight loss goals.

Referenced Sources:

  1. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7973386/ ↩︎
  2. https://www.jove.com/science-education/10739/energy-releasing-steps-of-glycolysis ↩︎
  3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553175/ ↩︎
  4. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7442590/ ↩︎
  5. https://clintransmed.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40169-016-0104-7 ↩︎
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877821000351?via%3Dihub ↩︎
  7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3674854/ ↩︎
  8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7503240/ ↩︎
  9. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3431206/ ↩︎
  10. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3972344/ ↩︎
  11. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7752291/ ↩︎
  12. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213231717300812 ↩︎
  13. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4487780/ ↩︎
  14. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6509089/ ↩︎
  15. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10579603/ ↩︎
  16. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955286323001663 ↩︎
  17. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1208734/full ↩︎
  18. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955286322001279 ↩︎
  19. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.815565/full ↩︎
  20. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8475757/ ↩︎
  21. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36785893/ ↩︎
  22. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155041312030190X ↩︎
  23. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33870623/ ↩︎

nad deficiency symptoms

NAD Deficiency Symptoms: 6 Common Signs of Low NAD Levels

Feeling sluggish, mentally foggy, or struggling to keep up with your routine lately?

While it’s quite normal to feel this way from time to time, you shouldn’t take these frustrating signs for granted.

What seems like just another bad day could be a telltale sign that your NAD+ levels are running low.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential coenzyme that plays a critical role in energy production, DNA repair, and overall health.

Unfortunately, NAD+ levels naturally decline with age and can be further affected by lifestyle factors, leading to a range of symptoms that are often overlooked.

So, what are these warning signs, and how can you optimize your NAD+ levels to stay healthy and active as you age?


In this article, we discuss:

  • Why your NAD levels are dropping faster than you think—and it’s not just because you’re getting older.
  • 7 subtle signs of NAD deficiency that many people dismiss as “just part of aging,” but shouldn’t.
  • The red flags of severe NAD deficiency you can’t afford to ignore.
  • How to accurately detect low NAD levels in your body and the easiest, most effective ways to boost them naturally.

Understanding NAD+ and Why It Declines

p1 2

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, or NAD+, is an essential coenzyme found in every cell of our body. It plays a key role in several critical processes, including energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cellular signaling.1

Essentially, NAD+ acts like a shuttle for electrons during metabolic reactions, helping to transform the food we consume into usable energy and supporting the production of ATP, which is the main energy currency for our cells.

Beyond just energy production, NAD+ also maintains the integrity of our DNA and regulates various cellular functions that keep us healthy.

Unfortunately, by the time we reach our 30s, our NAD+ levels start to decline. In fact, NAD+ can decrease by up to 50% as we age,2 with noticeable reductions in the skin and other tissues.

This decline can be accelerated by factors like oxidative stress,3 unhealthy diets, and lifestyle choices, leading to symptoms that are often mistaken for the typical signs of aging.

But in reality, these may be early signs of low NAD+ levels, indicating that it’s time to take action and make necessary lifestyle changes to support your health and longevity.

Vitality NAD+ Booster promotional image

Common Symptoms of NAD+ Deficiency

Below are six common health symptoms that indicate you may be deficient in NAD.

Fatigue and Low Energy

NAD is essential for energy metabolism. Think of it as the engine that powers your body, helping convert the food you eat into usable energy. However, when your NAD+ levels drop, it can disrupt your metabolism and may result in fatigue and low energy.

Your body might also struggle to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is your main source of energy. The result? You might feel sluggish and worn out. NAD+ also supports the proper functioning of enzymes that protect against oxidative damage.

When these protective enzymes can’t do their job because of low NAD levels, it creates an imbalance between harmful reactive oxygen species and protective antioxidants4 that can further drain your energy and leave you feeling even more fatigued.

Moreover, NAD+ is important in metabolizing carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. When your NAD+ levels are low, these metabolic pathways can become inefficient, leading to even more tiredness. For instance, if your body can’t break down fatty acids properly, it can accumulate unused substrates that sap your energy.

Not to mention, during physical activity, your muscles depend heavily on NAD+ for energy.5 If you’re low on NAD+, you might experience muscle weakness and decreased endurance, making even simple tasks feel much more challenging.

Cognitive Symptoms

NAD is also important for maintaining healthy cognitive function. When your levels drop, you might start to notice some cognitive symptoms, such as mental fog, memory lapses, and a general decline in sharpness.

This is because NAD+ is crucial for energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, both of which are essential for your brain to perform at its best. When NAD+ levels are low, the brain struggles to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP)6—the energy that powers our cells—leading to sluggish thinking and that frustrating feeling of mental cloudiness or fatigue.

Research shows that a deficiency in NAD+ can worsen neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are harmful to cognitive health, potentially leading to increased neuronal damage and cognitive issues,7 such as forgetfulness and decreased mental agility.

Skin and Appearance Changes

Is your skin looking dry and dull despite your diligent skincare routine and healthy lifestyle? One hidden culprit could be low NAD+ levels.

Research shows that low NAD+ levels can hinder your skin’s ability to repair itself, particularly from damage caused by sun exposure. This impairment can result in more visible signs of aging, such as wrinkles and loss of elasticity.

Additionally, because NAD+ plays a key role in supporting mitochondrial function—the process that provides the energy your skin cells need to regenerate and stay vibrant8—low NAD+ levels can impede cell renewal. This leaves your skin looking tired, dull, and less radiant.

Poor Sleep Quality

Having trouble getting a restful night’s sleep? It could be more than just stress or a racing mind—it might actually be a deficiency in NAD+ levels.

As a coenzyme, NAD+ supports energy production and maintains healthy cells, including those involved in regulating your sleep cycle. When NAD+ levels decline, especially as we age, this drop can disrupt your sleep patterns.

Since NAD+ helps regulate key “clock” genes that control your sleep-wake cycle, it can throw off your body’s internal clock, or circadian rhythm,9 making it harder to fall asleep or stay asleep through the night.

Research also reported that NAD+ is essential for the synthesis of serotonin from tryptophan, a precursor amino acid.10 If NAD+ levels drop, this metabolic pathway can become inefficient, potentially leading to reduced serotonin and subsequently lower melatonin levels.

Therefore, you may experience sleep disturbances and increased fatigue due to inadequate melatonin production.

Mental Health and Mood Swings

Low NAD+ levels can significantly affect your mood and mental health, often manifesting as mood swings, irritability, anxiety, or even depression.

This occurs because NAD+ deficiency disrupts the balance of crucial neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine,11 which are essential for regulating mood and emotional responses. As a result, you may experience persistent feelings of anxiety or sadness.

NAD+ is also important in activating sirtuins—proteins that help cells manage stress.12 When NAD+ levels are low, sirtuins become less effective, which can contribute to mental health challenges like anxiety and irritability.

This makes it harder for your brain to cope with stress, intensifying emotional imbalances.

Metabolic Health Issues

NAD+ deficiency can lead to various metabolic problems,13 including weight gain, insulin resistance, and a higher risk of metabolic disorders.

NAD+ underpins key metabolic processes like glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. When NAD+ levels drop, these processes become less efficient, disrupting energy metabolism and contributing to issues such as weight gain and insulin resistance.

Low NAD+ also affects enzymes involved in energy production, leading to reduced ATP synthesis and increased fat storage, particularly in the liver and fat tissue. This buildup of fat triggers inflammation, further worsening insulin resistance.

Moreover, NAD+ activates sirtuins, proteins that help regulate glucose and fat metabolism. When NAD+ levels are low, sirtuin activity declines, making it harder for the body to control blood sugar and insulin sensitivity,14 which raises the risk of type 2 diabetes.

People with low NAD+ levels are also more prone to developing metabolic conditions like diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Severe NAD+ Deficiency Symptoms

an image of a man holding his arm

People with NAD+ deficiency may also experience severe symptoms similar to pellagra, a condition caused by niacin deficiency.15

These symptoms indicate a critical lack of NAD+.

Dermatitis typically manifests as a scaly rash that worsens with sun exposure, indicating the body’s diminished capacity for healing due to low NAD+ levels. Diarrhea stems from impaired gut function and disrupted metabolism, which can lead to dehydration and poor nutrient absorption. Cognitive issues like memory loss and confusion arise because NAD+ is integral for brain cell energy production and neuronal health.

If left untreated, NAD+ deficiency can result in severe metabolic dysfunction,16 increasing the risk of serious conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and even death.

Cardiovascular Impact of NAD+ Deficiency

nad deficiency symptoms

Low NAD+ levels can greatly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases,17 hypertension, and reduced heart function. When NAD+ levels decline, vital processes like energy metabolism, DNA repair, and oxidative stress management become compromised, leading to a range of cardiovascular issues, especially hypertension.

Research published in the Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy shows that hypertensive patients have a 44% lower NAD+ level in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells18 compared to those with normal blood pressure. This reduction is closely linked to impaired vascular function and elevated arterial pressure.

Additionally, NAD+ deficiency can cause mitochondrial dysfunction, which is crucial for maintaining cardiac energy metabolism.19 This leads to reduced ATP production and increased oxidative stress, both of which contribute to heart failure and other cardiovascular problems.

The enzyme CD38, which depletes NAD+, is often overactive in hypertensive individuals, further draining NAD+ levels and negatively affecting vascular health and heart function.

Beyond hypertension and weakened heart function, chronically low NAD+ levels can increase the risk of severe cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease,20 which, if not addressed, can result in life-threatening events such as heart attacks and strokes.

NAD+ Deficiency in Specific Populations

nad deficiency symptoms

While it’s common knowledge that NAD+ levels decline after the age of 30, certain groups are at a higher risk of experiencing a deficiency.

Obese individuals, for example, tend to have significantly lower NAD+ levels21 than those with a healthy weight. This is because excess fat triggers chronic inflammation and metabolic imbalances, which further deplete NAD+ levels.

Obesity is also associated with impaired NAD+ metabolism, increasing insulin resistance,22 and elevating the risk of type 2 diabetes and related conditions.

Genetic disorders also contribute to NAD+ deficiency risk. Individuals with conditions like congenital NAD deficiency disorder (CNDD)23 experience inadequate NAD+ production, leading to developmental abnormalities and other health complications.

Genetic mutations that interfere with enzymes responsible for NAD+ synthesis reduce the availability of this vital coenzyme, contributing to congenital defects and increased health risks.

Given all these factors, the important question is: Are you NAD+ deficient? The only way to find out is to test.

How to Test if Your NAD Levels Are Low

Now that you understand the signs of NAD deficiency, how do you find out if your NAD levels are truly suboptimal?

At Jinfiniti, we prioritize precision over guesswork. That’s why we recommend the most reliable approach: testing your NAD+ levels directly.

Our Intracellular NAD Test gives you a clear picture of what’s happening inside your cells. We measure your actual NAD+ levels to help you see where you stand – whether they’re running low, sitting at a healthy baseline, or higher than average. With these insights, you can make smarter decisions about your NAD+ supplements and know if they’re really working for you.

How to Treat Low NAD Levels

An image of a man and woman exercising

If you suspect your NAD+ levels are low or have confirmed a deficiency through testing, there are several evidence-based approaches to increase your NAD+ levels naturally and through supplementation. The key is finding the right combination of lifestyle modifications and targeted support for your individual needs.

Research shows that regular exercise, particularly high-intensity training, naturally boosts NAD+ production. Combining this with a diet rich in B3 vitamins and stress management techniques can help optimize your body’s NAD+ levels while preventing excessive depletion of existing stores.

For those seeking intensive support, medical NAD+ therapies like IV infusions are available at specialized clinics. While these treatments can rapidly elevate extracellular NAD+ levels, they are costly and may cause side effects like flushing and headaches, requiring close medical supervision.

A more accessible and scientifically-validated approach is supplementation with NAD+ precursors.

Our High Purity NAD+ Precursor powder offers a premium-grade, pure form of NAD+ as a building block that your body can efficiently convert into active NAD+. 

For those seeking enhanced results, our breakthrough Vitality ↑® NAD+ Booster takes supplementation to the next level by combining a clinically proven NAD+ precursor with synergistic ingredients. The strategic inclusion of creatine monohydrate helps stabilize cellular energy systems, while D-ribose and nicotinamide work together to optimize NAD+ synthesis pathways.

This unique formulation has been shown to increase NAD+ levels more effectively than single-ingredient supplements, providing total support for your cellular health and energy production.

With these strategies in hand, you’ll be on the right track to treating NAD deficiency and promoting longevity.

Referenced Sources:

  1. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7963035/ ↩︎
  2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7442590/ ↩︎
  3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-46120-z ↩︎
  4. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-023-01577-3 ↩︎
  5. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2020/8819627 ↩︎
  6. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8444613/ ↩︎
  7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9370773/ ↩︎
  8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512238/ ↩︎
  9. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10665902/ ↩︎
  10. https://www.wikipathways.org/pathways/WP4210.html ↩︎
  11. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2612120/ ↩︎
  12. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9437461/ ↩︎
  13. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-020-00311-7 ↩︎
  14. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5686634/ ↩︎
  15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557728/ ↩︎
  16. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.716989/full ↩︎
  17. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056589 ↩︎
  18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10505611/ ↩︎
  19. https://elifesciences.org/articles/59828 ↩︎
  20. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000142 ↩︎
  21. https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/101/1/275/2806840?login=false ↩︎
  22. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5469033/ ↩︎
  23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK593504/ ↩︎

NAD Supplements vs IV Therapy: Which is Best?

If you’ve been searching for ways to supercharge your energy or combat the signs of aging, you’ve probably come across NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).

But here’s the real question: Should you take it as a supplement or opt for the more intensive IV therapy? 


In this article, we’ll discuss:

  • The key differences between NAD supplements and NAD IV therapy.

  • The pros and cons of each option to find out which method fits best with your lifestyle and health goals.

  • Why some methods of NAD delivery are more effective than others and how absorption plays a crucial role.

  • How to tailor your NAD supplementation using personalized testing to match your unique health needs.


What is NAD?

An image of a woman drinking water

NAD is a vital molecule found in every living cell of the human body. It serves as a coenzyme, meaning it assists enzymes in carrying out chemical reactions essential for life. NAD exists in two forms: NAD+ and NADH.

At its core, NAD+ is an electron courier. It shuttles electrons between different molecules during cellular metabolism, the process by which cells break down nutrients to generate energy.

The body produces NAD+ through three main pathways:

  1. De novo synthesis: Creating NAD+ from scratch using amino acids.
  2. Preiss-Handler pathway: Utilizing dietary niacin (vitamin B3) to form NAD+.
  3. Salvage pathway: Recycling NAD+ components, primarily nicotinamide, after it has been used by enzymes.

In mammals, including humans, the salvage pathway is the primary source of NAD+. This efficient recycling process helps maintain adequate levels of this essential molecule.

NAD’s role extends beyond basic metabolism, influencing processes like DNA repair, gene expression, and cellular aging.

Types of NAD Treatments

An image of a woman consulting a doctor

Boosting NAD levels has become increasingly popular, and there are several types of NAD treatments available, each with its own advantages and considerations.

Oral NAD Supplements

NAD supplements come in various oral forms, including pills, capsules and pure powders. These products contain NAD precursors or related compounds designed to elevate NAD levels in the body. When ingested, a NAD+ supplement will pass through the digestive system and enter the bloodstream, where it circulates to cells throughout the body.

Many people choose oral NAD supplements as a straightforward way to increase their NAD levels. This method appeals to those who prefer to avoid intravenous treatments, offering a more familiar and less invasive approach to supplementation.

NAD IV Therapy

NAD+ IV therapy is a new treatment where NAD+ is delivered directly into your bloodstream via an intravenous (IV) drip. During the session, a healthcare professional inserts a small IV line into your arm. The NAD+ solution is infused over a set period, allowing for direct absorption into your bloodstream. This bypasses the digestive system, leading to quicker availability of NAD+.

Dosages can vary depending on your needs, but typical sessions might range from 250 mg to 1,000 mg of NAD+. Treatments usually last between 1 to 3 hours, but some can go 4 hours or even longer depending on the dose and your needs. Many people opt for multiple sessions spread over weeks or months.

Other NAD Therapies

Beyond oral supplements and IV therapy, two additional methods for increasing NAD+ levels have gained some traction: injection therapy and nasal sprays.

NAD Injections 

NAD+ injections offer a middle ground between oral supplements and IV therapy. This method delivers NAD+ directly into the bloodstream through intramuscular or subcutaneous injections.

NAD Nasal Sprays

NAD+ nasal sprays are a novel approach to NAD+ supplementation. These sprays deliver NAD+ through the nasal passages, claiming to deliver rapid absorption into the bloodstream. 

Pros and Cons of NAD Supplements and IV Therapy

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

The quest for higher levels of NAD boils down to two main contenders: pills and supplements or intravenous therapy. Both have their benefits and downsides. Here we break down the pros and cons of NAD supplements versus IV drips, so you can figure out which method is best for cellular vitality.

Effectiveness

The effectiveness of NAD supplements or IV therapy depends largely on how well the body absorbs and utilizes the different delivery methods.

NAD supplements or precursors are compounds that can be efficiently taken up by cells and converted into NAD+ through various intracellular pathways. Once inside the cell, these precursors are metabolized to increase intracellular NAD+ levels. NAD precursors increase intracellular NAD+ levels by feeding into biosynthetic pathways, thereby supporting various NAD+ dependent processes.

Unlike NAD+ precursors, which are converted into NAD+ within cells, the primary action of NAD+ IV therapy is believed to be extracellular, influencing immune responses, inflammation, and cellular signaling1 rather than directly increasing intracellular NAD+ levels.

Oral supplements are generally well-absorbed but may take longer to produce noticeable effects. In contrast, IV therapy introduces NAD+ directly into the bloodstream, resulting in more rapid onset of effects.

While IV treatments can provide a quick boost, their effects may be short-lived. This is due to several factors:

  1. Rapid Clearance: NAD+ is quickly eliminated from the plasma, often within two hours of infusion.
  2. Cellular Penetration: The relatively large size of NAD+ molecules can impede their ability to cross cell membranes efficiently.
  3. Dosage Considerations: The amount and frequency of NAD+ administration significantly impact its effectiveness.

Oral NAD+ precursors offer a more consistent and sustained approach to increasing NAD+ levels. A 2019 study2 demonstrated that oral supplementation can effectively elevate whole blood NAD+ levels over time:

DoseNAD+ Increase
100 mg22%
300 mg51%
1000 mg142%

These results were observed after two weeks of supplementation.

Despite its rapid clearance from the bloodstream, NAD IV therapy may still have potential benefits for certain medical conditions, particularly some neurological and infectious diseases.

To maximize the benefits of NAD+ supplementation, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate method and dosage regimen for individual needs and health goals.

Convenience

Supplements are generally the easier option in terms of convenience. You can take them as pills or mix a powder into a drink, making them a quick addition to your daily routine. No special setup or assistance is needed, so you can easily incorporate them into your day. 

In contrast, IV therapy requires you to visit a clinic or healthcare professional. This involves scheduling an appointment and waiting, which can be less convenient if you have a busy lifestyle. The procedure typically spans several hours, during which the patient must remain relatively stationary.

The time investment for each method differs significantly:

  • Oral supplements: Consumption takes mere seconds
  • IV therapy: Sessions last between 1 to 4 hours or more

This time disparity can be a deciding factor for individuals with demanding schedules or limited flexibility in their daily routines.

In terms of availability, supplements win hands down. Oral supplements are widely available through retail stores and online platforms. IV therapy is limited to specialized clinics, which may not be present in your geographic area.

If convenience is a top priority for you, oral supplements offer a simpler, quicker, and more accessible option compared to NAD IV infusion.

Cost

Generally, dietary supplements are much more affordable. A typical bottle of NAD+ supplements can cost anywhere from $20 to $150, depending on the brand and dosage. 

On the other hand, IV treatments can range from $150 to $500 per session. That can go even higher in expensive cities or at high-end clinics with state-of-the-art equipment. Add-ons like vitamins, minerals, or hydration boosters can also push up the price, so it’s worth checking what’s included before you book!

This price difference makes supplements a more accessible choice for daily or regular use. While supplements are more wallet-friendly, it’s also important to think about the long term. 

If you’re considering regular IV therapy, those costs can add up quickly. For example, if you plan to have one treatment a month, that could mean spending anywhere from $1,800 to $6,000 a year. 

The price disparity between these methods is substantial:

MethodCost per UnitEstimated Annual Cost (Monthly Use)
Oral$20-$150/bottle$240-$1800
IV$150-$500/session$1,800-$6,000

It’s essential to evaluate how often you intend to receive these treatments and whether they fit your budget in the long run. Your decision should take both immediate and ongoing expenses into account.

Safety and Side Effects

Supplements are generally safe and well tolerated, particularly in the forms of NAD precursors when taken at recommended doses. Studies have shown that they have a favorable safety profile and are relatively safe for use as a dietary ingredient3.

A study conducted in Japan found that a single oral dose of NAD precursor supplement up to 500 mg is safe for healthy men. Researchers observed no significant changes in vital signs like heart rate, blood pressure, or body temperature.4 

However, for some individuals, they can experience common side effects like muscle pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and headaches5. These symptoms are usually short-lived and resolve quickly. 

IV therapy, while highly effective for certain conditions, also carries additional risks.6 Patients may experience pain, bruising, or swelling at the site of infusion. Some individuals have reported additional NAD IV therapy side effects that impact the entire body, including headaches, fatigue, and nausea. These reactions can differ in intensity from person to person.

In rare cases, IV therapy can lead to serious complications, like infections or allergic reactions7.

Additionally, NAD IV therapy has been linked to higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a marker of inflammation. Our research has found that about 70% of people who receive NAD IV therapy experience a 3- to 10-fold increase in hs-CRP levels, which can trigger an inflammatory response in some individuals. 

Elevated hs-CRP levels are assoicated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and atherosclerosis8. Therefore, monitoring hs-CRP levels and finding effective ways to manage inflammation is crucial for keeping patients safe during and after treatment.

Before starting either treatment, it’s also important to consider contraindications. Certain medical conditions can also make these therapies unsuitable. 

Also, keep in mind that age can play a role. Older adults might respond differently due to various health issues or changes in metabolism. If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, it’s also important to consult your healthcare provider as well, since the effects of NAD therapies in these cases aren’t fully understood yet.

Always take the time to discuss any new supplements or therapies with your healthcare provider. They can help ensure that whatever you choose is a safe fit for your individual health needs and circumstances. 

Staying informed and cautious is key!

Choosing Between NAD Supplements or IV Therapy

An image of a man helping his father take supplements

NAD supplements provide a convenient and accessible method for long-term NAD support. These supplements are typically taken daily and can be easily integrated into existing routines. Clinical data suggests that oral NAD precursors can effectively raise intracellular NAD levels over time.

Benefits of NAD Supplements:

  • Can increase intracellular NAD+
  • Convenience of at-home use
  • Lower cost compared to IV therapy
  • Suitable for long-term, consistent use
  • Minimal risk of complications

Considerations:

  • Slower onset of effects
  • Potential for reduced bioavailability due to digestive processes

IV NAD therapy delivers NAD directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This method allows for rapid absorption and potentially higher bioavailability.

Benefits of NAD IV Therapy:

  • Rapid onset of effects
  • May be beneficial for acute conditions or rapid recovery

Considerations:

  • Requires clinical administration
  • Higher cost per treatment
  • Time-intensive procedure
  • Potential for adverse reactions
  • Influences signaling and metabolism outside the cell

The decision between oral supplements and IV therapy should be based on individual health needs, goals, and practical considerations.

Oral Supplements May Be Preferable For:

  • General wellness and anti-aging support
  • Long-term NAD maintenance
  • Those seeking a cost-effective, convenient option

IV Therapy May Be More Suitable For:

  • Individuals with acute health concerns requiring rapid intervention
  • Those with conditions affecting nutrient absorption
  • Athletes or individuals recovering from intense physical exertion

In some cases, a combination approach may be beneficial. For example, initiating treatment with IV therapy rapid delivery of extracellular NAD+, followed by oral supplementation to increase intracellular NAD+ levels and provide sustained benefits.

If you’re unsure about your current NAD levels, our intracellular NAD test can provide valuable insight and help you tailor your approach. Understanding your NAD status can guide your decision on whether to start with supplements, IV therapy, or a combination of both.

Frequently Asked Questions

An image of a woman talking in the phone

What are the benefits of NAD supplements?

NAD supplements offer potential long-term health benefits. NAD precursors have been shown to boost cellular energy production and support the body’s repair mechanisms. Research suggests they may contribute to slowing certain aspects of biological aging.

Are NAD Supplements as Effective as IV?

NAD+ IV therapy offers potential benefits for individuals with conditions like dementia, addiction, Lyme disease, and long COVID. This treatment delivers a high dose of NAD+ directly into the bloodstream, providing rapid but short-term relief. However, the effects are temporary, and the therapy requires administration by healthcare professionals in clinical settings.

For long-term benefits, including improved energy, performance, and longevity, intracellular NAD+ levels need to be increased. Oral NAD+ precursor supplements, available in pill or powder form, offer a more practical and sustainable approach. These supplements can be easily incorporated into daily routines and are designed to boost intracellular NAD+ levels over time.

Who should avoid or take NAD supplements?

Aging adults might find these supplements helpful as NAD levels naturally decline with age, potentially supporting cellular energy production and DNA repair. Athletes and fitness enthusiasts may be drawn to NAD’s role in energy metabolism, which could enhance physical performance and recovery. Individuals with specific health concerns, such as conditions linked to mitochondrial dysfunction or metabolic disorders, might also benefit from NAD supplementation.

However, certain groups should exercise caution. Pregnant or nursing women should avoid NAD supplements due to limited research on their effects during pregnancy and lactation, unless directed by a healthcare provider. Individuals with liver disease, kidney problems, or certain types of cancer should consult their doctor before use, as these supplements may interact with their condition or treatment.

Discover our NAD test kit to determine your levels and personalize your supplementation. 

Discover Your NAD+ Levels with Jinfiniti

An image of a woman taking supplements

Curious about your NAD+ levels? 

Jinfiniti offers an easy way to find out where you stand. 

Understanding your NAD+ status can help you tailor your health approach, whether you’re aiming for energy boosts, better recovery, or overall wellness. 

Our testing process is simple and provides valuable insights that can inform your next steps, whether you choose supplements, IV therapy, or both.

Discover your NAD+ levels with Jinfiniti today and discover your way to a more vibrant life.  Knowing your body’s needs is the first step toward optimizing your health journey!

Referenced Sources:

  1. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00257/full ↩︎
  2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31278280/ ↩︎
  3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666027X24000240 ↩︎
  4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31685720/ ↩︎
  5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37971292/ ↩︎
  6. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/intravenous-injection#risks-and-side-effects ↩︎
  7.  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/infusion-reaction ↩︎
  8.  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3632154/ ↩︎

NAD IV Therapy Side Effects: What are the Risks?

NAD IV therapy promises incredible results, from boosting energy to supporting anti-aging. 

But is it too good to be true? 

While the benefits sound great, there are common side effects of NAD therapy, from minor discomfort to serious complications, that you shouldn’t ignore. 

Are the risks really worth it?


In this article, we’ll dive into:

  • The hidden safety concerns and side effects of NAD IV therapy that most people don’t talk about.
  • Critical factors you should consider before deciding if NAD IV therapy is right for you.
  • A safer alternative to NAD IV therapy that delivers results more efficiently without the downsides.

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

Recent studies show that by middle age, your NAD levels may drop to half of what they were in your youth1. This decline can impact everything from your energy to how quickly you recover from stress.

It’s no surprise that NAD IV therapy has been gaining popularity as a quick fix for restoring vitality and slowing down the aging process. But with any growing trend comes important questions, particularly around safety.

Is NAD IV therapy as risk-free as it sounds? While the claims are exciting, it’s important to look at both sides, hence we’ll also dig into the risks and side effects in this article.

What is NAD IV Therapy?

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

Imagine having a “battery” in every cell of your body, constantly fueling your energy, repairing DNA, and keeping everything functioning smoothly. That’s the role of NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide), a coenzyme essential for cellular health.

As we age, our NAD levels start to dip, leaving many of us feeling fatigued, recovering more slowly, and even noticing changes in our mental clarity.2

That’s where NAD supplementation comes into play, with many people turning to NAD IV therapy to help recharge those cellular “batteries.” NAD IV therapy involves infusing NAD directly into your bloodstream through an IV drip, bypassing the digestive system for quicker, more efficient absorption. The treatment typically lasts around four hours or longer, allowing the NAD to enter your body slowly while you relax.

Advocates of NAD IV swear by its benefits: increased energy, sharper focus, improved mood, and even anti-aging effects. Some even say it aids in addiction recovery, boosts athletic performance, and helps with cellular repair. 

Common Safety Concerns of NAD Therapy

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

While many people report positive experiences with NAD IV treatment, there are some risks to consider, especially if the treatment isn’t administered properly, including:

Infection

Any time you’re dealing with an IV, there’s a risk of infection.3

Since the skin is punctured, bacteria can enter your bloodstream if the equipment isn’t properly sterilized. To reduce this risk, it’s important to have the treatment administered by trained professionals in a clean, medical setting.

Vein Irritation

Some people experience irritation or inflammation around the injection site.4

This could be due to the needle size, the frequency of treatments, or simply how your body reacts to the IV. While it’s usually minor and resolves on its own, it can still be uncomfortable.

Incorrect Dosage

Getting the dosage right with NAD IV therapy is crucial. Too little, and you may not experience the full benefits. Too much, and you could feel nauseous or dizzy.

A qualified practitioner will know the correct dosage for your body and specific needs.

Improper Administration

IV therapy requires precision. The placement of the IV, the dosage, and the flow rate all need to be exactly right.  

If the person administering the treatment lacks experience, things can go wrong. You could end up with a poorly inserted IV or air bubbles in the line, which could lead to complications.5

Quality and Sourcing of NAD Products

Not all NAD products are created equal. The quality and purity of the NAD solution being used are vital to ensure you get the best results with minimal risk. 

It’s important to choose a clinic that uses high-quality NAD sourced from reputable suppliers. If you’re given an inferior product, you could miss out on the benefits—or worse, face unwanted side effects.

What are the Side Effects of NAD IV Therapy?

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

Like any treatment, NAD IV therapy can come with its own set of side effects. While they’re usually mild, it’s important to be aware of what you might encounter during or after your session.

Common Short-Term Side Effects

Most people who try NAD IV therapy report mild side effects that tend to go away quickly. These can include nausea, flushing, and dizziness during or shortly after the treatment. 

Some also report muscle cramping or chest tightness as the body adjusts to the NAD infusion. Though these milder symptoms typically fade after the session, they can be uncomfortable while they last.

Possible Long-Term Side Effects

While NAD IV therapy shows promise, there are concerns about its long-term effects, especially with frequent or high-dose intravenous treatments. 

Flooding the body with excessive NAD, sometimes up to ten times the normal range, could disrupt its natural balance. This is a particular concern with unregulated IV bars, where dosage and frequency may not be carefully monitored.

While NAD+ is vital for various cellular processes, excessively high levels of NAD+ could potentially lead to adverse effects such as mitochondrial dysfunction or sirtuin overactivation.

NAD IV therapy has also been observed to cause a significant increase in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in a substantial portion of recipients. Specifically, about 70% of individuals undergoing NAD IV therapy experience a 3- to 10-fold increase in hs-CRP, which is an acute phase reactive protein that indicates inflammation. To safeguard patient well-being, it is recommended to monitor hs-CRP levels and implement effective strategies to control inflammation.

If you are concerned about levels of inflammation, our at-home inflammation test kit, the AgingSOS® Senescence & NAD Panel, can help you reveal your inflammation status and take appropriate action.

The Safest Approach to NAD IV Therapy

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

If you’re considering NAD IV therapy, safety should be your top priority. Here are a few key steps to ensure a safe and effective experience:

Choose a Qualified Provider

Your first step should be finding the right provider. Look for a licensed and experienced practitioner who specializes in NAD IV therapy.

Ask about their qualifications, experience with NAD treatments, and the safety protocols they follow. A reputable provider will gladly answer your questions and ensure you feel comfortable before moving forward.

Evaluate Your Health

Before starting any NAD IV therapy, it’s crucial to get a thorough health evaluation. Your provider should review your medical history, current medications, and any existing health conditions. 

This helps determine whether NAD therapy is safe for you and allows them to tailor the treatment to your specific needs. Skipping this step could increase the risk of complications.

Monitor Your NAD Levels Regularly

To get the most out of NAD IV therapy and minimize risks, it’s also important to monitor your NAD levels. 

The most effective way to do this is using an Intracellular NAD test, which measures the NAD levels within your cells. Keeping track of these levels during and after your sessions helps avoid issues like overdosing or underdosing. 

This ongoing evaluation allows your practitioner to adjust your treatment for optimal results.

Oral NAD Supplements: A Safer Alternative to NAD IV Treatment

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

While NAD IV therapy is popular for its quick delivery, it’s not the only option for boosting NAD levels. In fact, many people opt for an oral NAD+ supplement due to safety and convienience.

One big difference is how they work. 

NAD IV therapy directly introduces the coenzyme into the bloodstream, but it is quickly metabolized and excreted, resulting in a short-lived effect.

Oral supplements, such as sublingual NAD powder, get absorbed by your cells and work from the inside out, helping to increase your body’s NAD+ levels gradually and sustainably. Plus, they’re much easier on the wallet and your schedule. 

NAD IV can be both pricey and time-consuming, often costing hundreds per session and taking up to four hours or even more. In contrast, supplements are way more budget-friendly and easy to take, whether you’re at home or on the move. They fit right into your daily routine without any hassle.

Final Thoughts: Is NAD IV Therapy Safe?

An image of a woman undergoing therapy

NAD IV therapy has its benefits, but it’s not without risks. You might experience mild side effects like nausea or dizziness, or more serious issues like infections. 

Safety is a big deal, especially if you’re thinking about using it long-term. It’s important to weigh these risks and talk to a qualified provider about whether it’s right for you. Take your time to weigh the pros and cons and find out if it suits your needs. 

Also, don’t overlook safer alternatives like oral supplements. They work at the cellular level, naturally boosting NAD without the risks tied to IV treatments.

They also offer a more consistent, long-term boost, fueling your energy and overall health. Plus, you can take them anywhere, anytime, making them a hassle-free part of your daily routine.

So, if you’re seeking an effective, low-risk option to optimize your NAD levels and overall well-being, oral supplements may just be the better choice.

The best part? You can start today—without the needles or lengthy appointments.

Referenced Sources

  1. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.829658/full ↩︎
  2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7963035/ ↩︎
  3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6650670/ ↩︎
  4. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/drip-bar-should-you-get-an-iv-on-demand-2018092814899 ↩︎
  5. https://www.healthline.com/health/intravenous-medication-administration-what-to-know#side-effects ↩︎

NAD IV Therapy Cost: How Much Should You Expect to Pay?

Imagine unlocking boundless energy, razor-sharp focus, and a renewed sense of vitality—not through another fad diet or grueling workout, but by tapping into your body’s own cellular powerhouse.

This isn’t science fiction; it’s the promise of NAD IV therapy, a cutting-edge treatment that’s captivating health enthusiasts and Hollywood A-listers alike. 

But as with any breakthrough, the question on everyone’s mind is: Does the price tag match the potential? Read on to discover all you need to know about the costs of NAD therapy and determine whether this cellular rejuvenation is truly worth your investment.


In this article, we discuss: 

  • The science of NAD therapy and understand how it works to boost your energy and vitality.

  • What you should expect to pay for NAD IV treatment and discover if it’s the right choice for you.

  • How to enjoy celebrity-level energy and anti-aging benefits without the Hollywood price tag – all for just a fraction of the cost!


577txayk 1

NAD IV therapy has quickly become the latest wellness trend, touted for its ability to boost energy, sharpen the mind, and even slow down the aging process.

Hollywood stars like Jennifer Aniston and Justin Bieber use this treatment to optimize their health. Podcaster Joe Rogan is also a fan, adding to the therapy’s growing appeal. 

High-performing athletes are getting on board too, recognizing NAD+ IV therapy for its potential to enhance athletic performance and support recovery. In fact, former NFL quarterback Jay Cutler turned to NAD+ therapy after his 12-year career, where he suffered from 15 head injuries.

But before you jump on the bandwagon, it’s important to get a clear picture of the costs involved in ongoing NAD treatment and weigh them against the potential benefits.

What is NAD IV Therapy?

6ylptl5f 1

NAD IV therapy is a treatment designed to deliver a powerful coenzyme called nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) directly into your bloodstream. 

NAD is crucial for cellular energy, aiding in metabolic processes like DNA repair, combating oxidative stress, and regulating circadian rhythms.1

A 2022 study published in the Frontiers in Endocrinology Journal reported that as you age, your NAD levels naturally decline.2 This decline can contribute to various health issues like fatigue and cognitive problems.

The purpose of NAD IV therapy is to replenish these diminishing NAD+ levels quickly and efficiently.

NAD boosts your cells’ energy by enhancing the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary fuel that powers cellular function. It also activates a family of proteins called sirtuins, which help repair cellular damage, manage stress, and keep your metabolism in check.3

NAD IV therapy skips the digestive system, sending a concentrated dose of NAD straight into your bloodstream. This can lead to faster and more noticeable benefits. This is why many people report feeling more energized, mentally sharp, and physically resilient after undergoing NAD IV therapy.

How Much Does NAD IV Therapy Cost?

a603itnj 1

The cost of NAD IV therapy can vary widely, but on average, you can expect to pay anywhere from $500 to $2,000 per session. The exact price depends on several factors, including the clinic’s location and reputation. 

In major cities like New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago, a single NAD IV session might range from $600 to $1,000 or more. These cities have a higher cost of living, and clinics often charge a premium for their services to cover expenses and cater to a wealthier clientele.

In contrast, smaller towns or rural areas offer more affordable options, ranging from $300 to $500. Lower costs in these areas often stem from reduced overhead, lower demand, and the need to attract customers with less disposable income compared to big cities.

Moreover, a clinic known for delivering high-quality results or one favored by celebrities and influencers may charge a premium for their services. These clinics often invest in state-of-the-art equipment, highly trained staff, and luxurious amenities, all of which contribute to higher costs. 

The cost of NAD IV therapy is also influenced by the dosage and length of each session. Typically, higher doses of NAD+ require more time to administer, resulting in longer sessions and higher costs. 

Add 20+ Healthy Years to Your Life

Access the same health optimization strategies used by longevity experts. Weekly insights, exclusive products, member pricing.

Additional Fees

Beyond the base cost, there are often additional fees to consider. 

Many clinics charge for initial consultations, which can range from $100 to $200, depending on the provider. Follow-up consultations may also come with a fee, especially if your therapy is personalized and requires ongoing monitoring.

You may also face costs for add-ons like vitamin infusions or hydration boosters, which can enhance your therapy and address specific health needs. These extras can add another $50 to $200 per session.

If you’re traveling to a clinic far from home, you’ll need to factor in potential travel expenses. This might include transportation, accommodation, and meals, all of which can increase the overall cost of your treatment.

Cost of Multiple NAD Therapy Sessions

NAD IV therapy is often most effective when done over multiple sessions, especially for long-term benefits. As a result, the cumulative cost can add up quickly. 

Typically, it’s suggested to start NAD+ IV therapy with weekly sessions for the first four weeks, followed by bi-weekly treatments for the next month. After that, you can often switch to just once a month to maintain the benefits.

If you’re considering a series of treatments, some clinics offer packages or discounts for multiple sessions. However, even with discounts, you might be looking at a total cost of several thousand dollars, particularly if you undergo therapy over several weeks or months.

Is NAD IV Therapy Covered by Insurance?

NAD IV treatment plans are not typically not covered by health insurance in the United States. Most insurance providers consider this treatment elective or alternative, placing it outside the scope of standard medical coverage.

The reason for this lack of coverage is twofold: NAD IV drip therapy is not FDA-approved for treating specific medical conditions and it’s often categorized as a wellness or anti-aging treatment rather than a medical necessity.

While insurance coverage for NAD IV therapy is unlikely, it’s always worth checking with your specific insurance provider. In rare cases, coverage may be possible if the treatment is deemed medically necessary for a diagnosed condition. However, such instances are the exception rather than the rule.

NAD IV Therapy vs Oral NAD Supplement Cost

35el9zhg 1

If you’re aiming to boost your NAD+ levels, two popular choices are NAD IV therapy and oral NAD supplements.

NAD IV therapy is the pricier option, with monthly sessions adding up to around $6,000 a year.

In contrast, oral NAD supplements offer a practical choice, with a month’s supply ranging from $40 to $100. Over a year, you could spend as little as $480, making it a more sustainable way to support your NAD+ levels long-term.

But beyond the price, it’s far more important to consider how these methods work with your body. One key issue with NAD IV therapy is whether the NAD+ actually gets into your cells to boost your levels effectively. 

NAD molecules are too big to pass through cell membranes, so most of the NAD+ ends up staying outside the cells. This means NAD IV therapy might not be as effective at raising intracellular NAD+ levels and providing the health benefits you’re looking for.

On the other hand, oral NAD supplements supply your body with the raw materials it needs to make NAD+ on its own. It’s a more efficient approach that directly supports the cellular processes that keep you energized, healthy, and resilient.

Vitality NAD+ Booster promotional image

Is the Cost of NAD IV Therapy Worth It?

yfngitrv 1

NAD IV therapy can be effective, but there’s a lot to consider. 

Each session may take up to 4 hours, so you’ll need to set aside a big chunk of your time.  Plus, since multiple sessions are often required, the time and effort can really add up. The speed of the infusion matters, too, as faster infusions are linked to side effects like stomach pain. 

If you want to save on both cost and time, oral NAD supplements are a solid alternative. 

You can take them whenever and wherever you want—no appointments or long waits. 

They come in different forms like NAD powders and sublingual drops, so you can easily fit them into your daily routine.

However, not all NAD supplements are created equal. 

Just like with NAD IV therapy, some supplements only contain NAD+ itself, which doesn’t always get into your cells effectively due to its limited bioavailability.

For best results, choose supplements with NAD+ precursors. They’re easier for your body to absorb and convert into NAD+ inside your cells.

Referenced Sources

  1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7963035/ ↩︎
  2. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.829658/full ↩︎
  3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112140/ ↩︎

Accessibility Tools