{"id":40354,"date":"2025-07-27T16:15:51","date_gmt":"2025-07-27T20:15:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/blog\/?p=40354"},"modified":"2025-08-19T13:17:00","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T17:17:00","slug":"d-ribose-benefits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/blog\/d-ribose-benefits\/","title":{"rendered":"Top Benefits of D-Ribose Supplements, According to Experts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Your body uses a sugar called D-ribose to make energy. This isn&#8217;t the same sugar you find in candy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D-ribose is a five-carbon sugar that goes straight to work building ATP. ATP is like your body&#8217;s battery &#8211; it powers everything you do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While regular sugar burns up fast for quick energy, ribose helps make the long-term energy your cells need.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While more research is needed, early studies suggest it might help when your cells struggle to produce energy.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-bottom:5px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(230, 234, 245, 0.35);}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-bottom:5px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column40354_b8caed-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-bottom:5px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column40354_b8caed-89\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D-ribose is a simple sugar that helps your cells rebuild ATP, their main energy source, faster than normal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Research shows the most benefits for people with heart disease, chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ribose works best when combined with other nutrients like nicotinamide to support multiple energy pathways in your cells.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Most people can take 3-15 grams daily depending on their goals, but people with diabetes should use caution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is D-Ribose and How Does It Support Energy Production?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D-ribose is a sugar consisting of five carbons. It provides the building blocks for ATP, which is your cells&#8217; preferred source of energy. Your body synthesizes ribose as part of the process known as the pentose phosphate pathway. Unfortunately, this process is somewhat slow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If your cells need an energy providing substrate quickly, they can&#8217;t wait for your body to build up enough ribose. Research indicates that ribose supplements greatly reduce this limitation<sup data-fn=\"3c6fcf0a-a67a-4d06-a4bb-589c4fd4c3b4\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"3c6fcf0a-a67a-4d06-a4bb-589c4fd4c3b4-link\" href=\"#3c6fcf0a-a67a-4d06-a4bb-589c4fd4c3b4\">1<\/a><\/sup>, allowing your cells to have the substrates for ATP production readily available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ATP Connection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contains three parts: adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups. Cells break off phosphate groups to release energy. They need fresh ribose to rebuild ATP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Research shows d-ribose supplements boost ATP recovery by up to 340%<sup data-fn=\"04f89707-3c8d-4a7e-88b0-901b9d0aa981\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"04f89707-3c8d-4a7e-88b0-901b9d0aa981-link\" href=\"#04f89707-3c8d-4a7e-88b0-901b9d0aa981\">2<\/a><\/sup>. High-energy tissues like the heart and muscles benefit most from this boost.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image40354_4e6110-8f.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image40354_4e6110-8f .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:640px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image40354_4e6110-8f.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image40354_4e6110-8f .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image40354_4e6110-8f figure{max-width:640px;}.kb-image40354_4e6110-8f .image-is-svg, .kb-image40354_4e6110-8f .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image40354_4e6110-8f .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}.kb-image40354_4e6110-8f img.kb-img, .kb-image40354_4e6110-8f .kb-img img{border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image40354_4e6110-8f\"><figure class=\"aligncenter kb-image-is-ratio-size\"><div class=\"kb-is-ratio-image kb-image-ratio-land169\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/neuroncdn.com\/cdn-0001\/2329cd79d7a633c18e5f118bf041049f18337692726dd86e851212b459e41b2b?ts=1753635943\" alt=\"Three women in athletic wear jog together outdoors against a blue cloudy sky.\" class=\"kb-img\" title=\"\"><\/div><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NAD+ Metabolism Support<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recent research shows d-ribose works with nicotinamide to boost NAD+ levels. Clinical studies show that combining these two compounds can increase NADP+ by 27% compared to placebo, while also improving glucose tolerance and reducing stress hormones<sup data-fn=\"84d9b1c6-c64a-40f9-9a3c-ed5c48fc12c5\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"84d9b1c6-c64a-40f9-9a3c-ed5c48fc12c5-link\" href=\"#84d9b1c6-c64a-40f9-9a3c-ed5c48fc12c5\">3<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This connection makes perfect sense. Both ribose and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/what-is-nad-plus\/\">NAD+<\/a> are essential for making energy in your cells. NAD+ acts as a helper molecule in energy production, while ribose provides the building blocks for ATP synthesis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dr. Jin-Xiong She, who founded Jinfiniti Precision Medicine, explains it simply: &#8220;People with chronic fatigue or heart issues usually have cells that struggle to produce energy. D-ribose supplies the raw materials for ATP, while NAD+ cofactors help those energy systems function properly.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-left:5px solid #000000;}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(230, 234, 245, 0.35);}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-left:5px solid #000000;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-left:5px solid #000000;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column40354_bea5a3-97\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interested in D-Ribose?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jinfiniti&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/product\/vitality-nad-plus-booster-supplement-powder\/\">Vitality\u2191\u00ae NAD+ Booster<\/a> contains <strong>d-ribose<\/strong> with <strong>nicotinamide<\/strong> <strong>and<\/strong> <strong>creatine<\/strong> in one research-backed formula. Instead of taking separate supplements, you get the benefits of the combination studies use in the correct amounts.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Health Benefits of D-Ribose<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The research on ribose supplements shows some promising benefits, especially for people dealing with specific health challenges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Heart Health and Support for People with Heart Disease<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Your heart never stops working. It beats over 100,000 times per day, requiring massive amounts of cellular energy. When heart disease limits blood flow, cardiac muscle cells become energy-starved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Clinical research shows that d-ribose may improve heart function in people with ischemic heart disease<sup data-fn=\"ff6cd8d8-2965-4ae6-90c4-12f404002c1a\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"ff6cd8d8-2965-4ae6-90c4-12f404002c1a-link\" href=\"#ff6cd8d8-2965-4ae6-90c4-12f404002c1a\">4<\/a><\/sup>. Patients taking ribose could exercise longer before experiencing chest pain or shortness of breath.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Benefits for Heart Function:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Improved exercise tolerance in cardiac patients<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better diastolic function in heart failure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increased &#8220;ischemic threshold&#8221; during physical activity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support for overall cardiovascular energy metabolism<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A six-month study combined d-ribose with creatine and B vitamins<sup data-fn=\"6a095eba-cfa1-48c3-b35a-86df67742f8e\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"6a095eba-cfa1-48c3-b35a-86df67742f8e-link\" href=\"#6a095eba-cfa1-48c3-b35a-86df67742f8e\">5<\/a><\/sup>. Participants with ischemic heart disease showed measurable improvements in exercise capacity and quality of life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">People with congestive heart failure may also benefit. Research indicates that ribose supplementation can improve heart muscle function by replenishing depleted ATP levels in cardiac tissue<sup data-fn=\"5e99582c-b744-4f98-8f08-e5909a9fd1f8\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"5e99582c-b744-4f98-8f08-e5909a9fd1f8-link\" href=\"#5e99582c-b744-4f98-8f08-e5909a9fd1f8\">6<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image40354_aeedbe-42.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:640px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image40354_aeedbe-42.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 figure{max-width:640px;}.kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 .image-is-svg, .kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}.kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 img.kb-img, .kb-image40354_aeedbe-42 .kb-img img{border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image40354_aeedbe-42\"><figure class=\"aligncenter kb-image-is-ratio-size\"><div class=\"kb-is-ratio-image kb-image-ratio-land169\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/neuroncdn.com\/cdn-0001\/4710cf0a4dd9b0cdab6c44a89cb93ac1d4b55324c414dc5cd029630c17bb8521?ts=1753636120\" alt=\"A stylized pink anatomical heart with geometric facets rendered against a pink background.\" class=\"kb-img\" title=\"\"><\/div><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Chronic Fatigue and Fibromyalgia Relief<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia share a common thread: cellular energy dysfunction. Your mitochondria can&#8217;t produce enough ATP to meet your body&#8217;s needs, leaving you exhausted and in pain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A study tested d-ribose in 41 patients with fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue<sup data-fn=\"7f66b8cd-0429-43d4-ae4c-5e31ce07bc15\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"7f66b8cd-0429-43d4-ae4c-5e31ce07bc15-link\" href=\"#7f66b8cd-0429-43d4-ae4c-5e31ce07bc15\">7<\/a><\/sup>. The results were encouraging:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Improvement Area<\/th><th>Percentage Increase<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Energy levels<\/td><td>61.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Overall well-being<\/td><td>37%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sleep quality<\/td><td>29.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mental clarity<\/td><td>30%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pain reduction<\/td><td>15.6%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">About 66% of participants experienced significant improvement within the first week of taking 5 grams of ribose three times daily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These benefits make sense when you understand that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/blog\/chronic-fatigue-supplements\/\">chronic fatigue<\/a> often involves mitochondrial dysfunction. D-ribose provides the building blocks your cells need to restore normal energy production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Athletic Performance and Exercise Recovery<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The effects of ribose on athletic performance are mixed, but certain populations see clear benefits. Your fitness level appears to play a key role in how much ribose helps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Research shows that people with lower fitness levels benefit more from ribose supplementation<sup data-fn=\"51d2ac99-6a97-4349-8b05-c0182bfba664\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"51d2ac99-6a97-4349-8b05-c0182bfba664-link\" href=\"#51d2ac99-6a97-4349-8b05-c0182bfba664\">8<\/a><\/sup>. They maintained exercise performance and reported less fatigue when taking ribose compared to placebo.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);}.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(230, 234, 245, 0.35);}.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column40354_1d670d-09 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column40354_1d670d-09\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;The stress of high intensity exercise has the potential to be benefited with supplementation of DR&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014 Seifert, John G et al.,&nbsp;<em>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However,&nbsp;multiple studies found no significant improvement in peak power or overall performance in highly trained athletes<sup data-fn=\"6d995b1d-87a2-4005-a0d7-c5df117a8ce6\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"6d995b1d-87a2-4005-a0d7-c5df117a8ce6-link\" href=\"#6d995b1d-87a2-4005-a0d7-c5df117a8ce6\">9<\/a><\/sup>. Ribose seems more valuable for recovery than immediate performance enhancements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Recovery Benefits:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Faster ATP regeneration after intense exercise<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduced muscle soreness in some individuals<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improved energy stores following training sessions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better exercise tolerance in people with lower fitness levels<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The key appears to be that ribose helps restore your cellular energy after it&#8217;s been depleted, rather than boosting performance in already well-trained individuals.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{max-width:640px;width:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6.kb-image-is-ratio-size, .wp-block-kadence-column > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:unset;}.kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 figure{max-width:640px;}.kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 .image-is-svg, .kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 .image-is-svg img{width:100%;}.kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}.kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 img.kb-img, .kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6 .kb-img img{border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image40354_4dcfb2-b6\"><figure class=\"aligncenter kb-image-is-ratio-size\"><div class=\"kb-is-ratio-image kb-image-ratio-land169\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/neuroncdn.com\/cdn-0001\/5c83a5d0cbc795d8186053bd23df009a7818bd42c8c6469d792b45f92690b2b2?ts=1753636238\" alt=\"Concentrated African American female weightlifter holding the loaded barbell with both hands\" class=\"kb-img\" title=\"\"><\/div><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D-Ribose Dosage and How to Take Ribose Supplements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Getting your dose right is important for seeing benefits while avoiding side effects. Research provides clear guidance on effective amounts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recommended Ribose Supplementation Amounts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Different health goals require different dosing strategies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>General energy support:<\/strong> 3-5 grams daily, split into 2-3 doses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chronic fatigue and fibromyalgia:<\/strong> 5 grams three times daily (15 grams total)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Heart conditions:<\/strong> 5-10 grams daily, often combined with other heart-supporting nutrients<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Exercise recovery:<\/strong> 5-10 grams daily, timed around workout sessions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The European Food Safety Authority has established a safe upper limit of 36 mg per kg of body weight daily<sup data-fn=\"56c1b02f-36f0-471f-a80d-8c8dde523eda\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"56c1b02f-36f0-471f-a80d-8c8dde523eda-link\" href=\"#56c1b02f-36f0-471f-a80d-8c8dde523eda\">10<\/a><\/sup>. For a 70kg adult, this equals about 2.5 grams. However, clinical studies have safely used much higher amounts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Best Practices for Taking Ribose Supplements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D-ribose powder dissolves easily in water and tastes mildly sweet. For optimal absorption:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Take on an empty stomach when possible<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wait at least one hour between meals and supplementation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mix with water, juice, or other beverages<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Divide your daily dose throughout the day for sustained benefits<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some people prefer to take ribose before or after exercise to support energy recovery. Others find taking it between meals helps maintain steady energy levels throughout the day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potential Side Effects and Safety Considerations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D-ribose has a good safety profile when used appropriately, but you should be aware of possible side effects and contraindications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common Side Effects of Ribose<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most people tolerate ribose well, but some experience mild digestive issues, especially at higher doses:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nausea or stomach discomfort<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diarrhea and bloating<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Headache<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Temporary blood sugar changes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These effects are usually dose-related and improve when you reduce the amount or take ribose with food.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Important Safety Warnings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Blood sugar effects:<\/strong> D-ribose can lower blood glucose levels. Research shows this might benefit some people, but it could be problematic for others<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Diabetes concerns:<\/strong> People with diabetes should use caution. Some studies suggest that ribose might accelerate certain diabetic complications<sup data-fn=\"e653e815-9e9d-4de5-8658-0872e5ea0fa8\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"e653e815-9e9d-4de5-8658-0872e5ea0fa8-link\" href=\"#e653e815-9e9d-4de5-8658-0872e5ea0fa8\">11<\/a><\/sup>, though more research is needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hypoglycemia risk:<\/strong> If you have low blood sugar, ribose could worsen this condition. Monitor your glucose levels when starting supplementation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pregnancy and nursing:<\/strong> Safety data is limited for pregnant and breastfeeding women. Consult your healthcare provider before using ribose during these times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"food-sources-and-natural-intake\">Food Sources and Natural Intake<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D-ribose occurs naturally in small amounts in various foods, though dietary intake is not sufficient to provide therapeutic levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Natural sources include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Brewer&#8217;s yeast (a notable RNA-rich source)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Meat products like beef, fish, chicken and pork<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dairy products like milk, yogurt, cheddar cheese, and cream cheese<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some ripe fruits and vegetables<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Soy-containing products<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The amounts found in food are minimal compared to supplemental doses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Choosing Quality Ribose Supplements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not all ribose supplements are created equal. Quality matters when you&#8217;re investing in your cellular health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What to Look for in D-Ribose Products<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Purity standards:<\/strong> High-quality ribose should be 98-102% pure on a dry basis with less than 0.5% moisture content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Manufacturing quality:<\/strong> Look for products that meet pharmaceutical standards, often labeled as &#8220;Bioenergy Ribose&#8221; or meeting AJI92 quality standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Form options:<\/strong> Pure powder offers the most versatility and value. Capsules are convenient but typically cost more per gram. Combination formulas like Jinfiniti&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/product\/vitality-nad-plus-booster-supplement-powder\/\">NAD Booster supplement<\/a> provide supportive compounds in precise ratios for a complete cellular energy support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who Should Consider D-Ribose Supplementation?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on current research, certain groups are most likely to benefit from ribose supplements:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>People with cardiovascular conditions:<\/strong> Those with heart failure, ischemic heart disease, or reduced exercise tolerance may see significant improvements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chronic fatigue and fibromyalgia patients:<\/strong> The evidence is particularly strong for these conditions, with many people experiencing substantial symptom relief.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Individuals with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/blog\/mitochondrial-decline\/\">mitochondrial dysfunction<\/a>:<\/strong> Anyone dealing with cellular energy problems might benefit from ribose&#8217;s ATP-supporting effects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Older adults:<\/strong> Age-related declines in cellular energy production may respond well to ribose supplementation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>People recovering from illness:<\/strong> When your body&#8217;s energy systems are depleted, ribose can help speed recovery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Integrating Ribose with Other Longevity Strategies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D-ribose works best as part of a more complete approach to cellular health. Consider how it fits with other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/blog\/best-longevity-supplements\/\">longevity supplements<\/a> and lifestyle practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Exercise:<\/strong> Regular physical activity naturally stimulates ATP production. Ribose can support your recovery between sessions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nutrition:<\/strong> A diet rich in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/blog\/nad-foods\/\">NAD+ boosting foods<\/a> complements ribose supplementation by supporting multiple energy pathways.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sleep:<\/strong> Quality rest allows your cells to naturally replenish energy stores. Ribose may help when sleep is inadequate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stress management:<\/strong> Chronic stress depletes cellular energy. Ribose can provide support while you work on stress reduction techniques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Understanding your baseline health markers can also help you track progress and identify areas where ribose might be beneficial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jinfiniti&#8217;s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/product\/agingsos-advanced-panel\/\">AgingSOS\u00ae Longevity Panel<\/a> measures 22 biomarkers including cellular senescence, oxidative stress, inflammation, and energy metabolism markers, giving you insights into your cellular health status.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image40354_2ab07d-20 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}.kb-image40354_2ab07d-20 img.kb-img, .kb-image40354_2ab07d-20 .kb-img img{border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image40354_2ab07d-20\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/product\/agingsos-advanced-panel\/\" class=\"kb-advanced-image-link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"325\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jinfiniti.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/AgingSOS-Mini-CTA.png\" alt=\"AgingSOS Mini Promo\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-32313\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Where the Science of D-Ribose is Headed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Scientists are making new discoveries about d-ribose that could improve how we use this supplement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Recent research highlights:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>New tools can measure ribose levels inside living cells in real time<sup data-fn=\"71509e28-cb60-4b76-98ab-d8e2ab39ca65\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"71509e28-cb60-4b76-98ab-d8e2ab39ca65-link\" href=\"#71509e28-cb60-4b76-98ab-d8e2ab39ca65\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better ways to produce ribose could make supplements cheaper and higher quality<sup data-fn=\"af5a031e-1e84-482b-849b-35b76a16eb37\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"af5a031e-1e84-482b-849b-35b76a16eb37-link\" href=\"#af5a031e-1e84-482b-849b-35b76a16eb37\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scientists can now convert ribose into NMN more efficiently for NAD+ support<sup data-fn=\"c7199203-f532-4777-a450-3a339c87e750\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"c7199203-f532-4777-a450-3a339c87e750-link\" href=\"#c7199203-f532-4777-a450-3a339c87e750\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Studies of how cells process ribose explain why it works better for some people<sup data-fn=\"324c9c5d-2a2e-41a6-adee-cee2e4658381\" class=\"fn\"><a id=\"324c9c5d-2a2e-41a6-adee-cee2e4658381-link\" href=\"#324c9c5d-2a2e-41a6-adee-cee2e4658381\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These advances could lead to better dosing guidelines and more effective combination supplements in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Making an Informed Decision About D-Ribose<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D-ribose supplements really help with specific health issues, mainly when your cells can&#8217;t make enough energy. The best research shows it works for heart problems, chronic fatigue, and fibromyalgia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you&#8217;re healthy, you might not see big changes. &nbsp;But if you deal with constant tiredness, trouble exercising, or recovering from illness, ribose could make a difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Begin with low doses. Find a healthcare provider who understands nutritional supplements. Watch how your body responds and adjust accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Supplements need healthy habits to work well. D-ribose supports your cellular energy systems, but you still need proper nutrition, regular exercise, good sleep, and stress control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As we understand cellular energy metabolism better, we discover more ways to support health and longevity. D-ribose is one valuable tool in this expanding toolkit for your body&#8217;s basic energy processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Referenced Sources<\/h3>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-footnotes\"><li id=\"3c6fcf0a-a67a-4d06-a4bb-589c4fd4c3b4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5959283\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5959283\/<\/a> <a href=\"#3c6fcf0a-a67a-4d06-a4bb-589c4fd4c3b4-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 1\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"04f89707-3c8d-4a7e-88b0-901b9d0aa981\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/441\/1\/012175\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/441\/1\/012175<\/a> <a href=\"#04f89707-3c8d-4a7e-88b0-901b9d0aa981-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 2\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"84d9b1c6-c64a-40f9-9a3c-ed5c48fc12c5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/11\/2219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/11\/2219<\/a> <a href=\"#84d9b1c6-c64a-40f9-9a3c-ed5c48fc12c5-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 3\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"ff6cd8d8-2965-4ae6-90c4-12f404002c1a\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/10915-potential-clinical-benefits-of-d-ribose-in-ischemic-cardiovascular-disease\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/10915-potential-clinical-benefits-of-d-ribose-in-ischemic-cardiovascular-disease<\/a> <a href=\"#ff6cd8d8-2965-4ae6-90c4-12f404002c1a-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 4\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"6a095eba-cfa1-48c3-b35a-86df67742f8e\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/11\/12\/3075\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/11\/12\/3075<\/a> <a href=\"#6a095eba-cfa1-48c3-b35a-86df67742f8e-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 5\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"5e99582c-b744-4f98-8f08-e5909a9fd1f8\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC2716264\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC2716264\/<\/a> <a href=\"#5e99582c-b744-4f98-8f08-e5909a9fd1f8-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 6\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"7f66b8cd-0429-43d4-ae4c-5e31ce07bc15\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17109576\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17109576\/<\/a> <a href=\"#7f66b8cd-0429-43d4-ae4c-5e31ce07bc15-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 7\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"51d2ac99-6a97-4349-8b05-c0182bfba664\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5738882\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5738882\/<\/a> <a href=\"#51d2ac99-6a97-4349-8b05-c0182bfba664-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 8\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"6d995b1d-87a2-4005-a0d7-c5df117a8ce6\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16937963\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16937963\/<\/a> <a href=\"#6d995b1d-87a2-4005-a0d7-c5df117a8ce6-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 9\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"56c1b02f-36f0-471f-a80d-8c8dde523eda\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7009567\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7009567\/<\/a> <a href=\"#56c1b02f-36f0-471f-a80d-8c8dde523eda-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 10\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"e653e815-9e9d-4de5-8658-0872e5ea0fa8\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10822815\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10822815\/<\/a> <a href=\"#e653e815-9e9d-4de5-8658-0872e5ea0fa8-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 11\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"71509e28-cb60-4b76-98ab-d8e2ab39ca65\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2025\/sc\/d5sc00244c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2025\/sc\/d5sc00244c<\/a> <a href=\"#71509e28-cb60-4b76-98ab-d8e2ab39ca65-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 12\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"af5a031e-1e84-482b-849b-35b76a16eb37\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jmb.or.kr\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.4014\/jmb.2504.04021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.jmb.or.kr\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.4014\/jmb.2504.04021<\/a> <a href=\"#af5a031e-1e84-482b-849b-35b76a16eb37-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 13\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"c7199203-f532-4777-a450-3a339c87e750\"><a href=\"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/biot.202400707\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/biot.202400707<\/a> <a href=\"#c7199203-f532-4777-a450-3a339c87e750-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 14\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"324c9c5d-2a2e-41a6-adee-cee2e4658381\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0141813025006580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0141813025006580<\/a> <a href=\"#324c9c5d-2a2e-41a6-adee-cee2e4658381-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 15\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Your body uses a sugar called D-ribose to make energy. This isn&#8217;t the same sugar you find in candy. D-ribose is a five-carbon sugar that goes straight to work building ATP. ATP is like your body&#8217;s battery &#8211; it powers everything you do. While regular sugar burns up fast for quick energy, ribose helps make [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10909,"featured_media":40356,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"[{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5959283\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5959283\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"3c6fcf0a-a67a-4d06-a4bb-589c4fd4c3b4\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/441\/1\/012175\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/441\/1\/012175<\/a>\",\"id\":\"04f89707-3c8d-4a7e-88b0-901b9d0aa981\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/11\/2219\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/14\/11\/2219<\/a>\",\"id\":\"84d9b1c6-c64a-40f9-9a3c-ed5c48fc12c5\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/10915-potential-clinical-benefits-of-d-ribose-in-ischemic-cardiovascular-disease\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/10915-potential-clinical-benefits-of-d-ribose-in-ischemic-cardiovascular-disease<\/a>\",\"id\":\"ff6cd8d8-2965-4ae6-90c4-12f404002c1a\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/11\/12\/3075\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/11\/12\/3075<\/a>\",\"id\":\"6a095eba-cfa1-48c3-b35a-86df67742f8e\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC2716264\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC2716264\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"5e99582c-b744-4f98-8f08-e5909a9fd1f8\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17109576\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17109576\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"7f66b8cd-0429-43d4-ae4c-5e31ce07bc15\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5738882\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5738882\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"51d2ac99-6a97-4349-8b05-c0182bfba664\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16937963\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16937963\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"6d995b1d-87a2-4005-a0d7-c5df117a8ce6\"},{\"content\":\"<a href=\\\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7009567\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7009567\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"56c1b02f-36f0-471f-a80d-8c8dde523eda\"},{\"content\":\"<a 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